[PATCH 0/2] ptrace_set_syscall_info: add support for seccomp syscall skipping

[PATCH 0/2] ptrace_set_syscall_info: add support for seccomp syscall skipping

[Renzo Davoli]

PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO is a generic ptrace API that complements
PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO by allowing a tracer to modify details of a
system call in which the tracee is currently blocked.

The API is designed to let tracers inspect and modify system call
information in a simple, architecture-agnostic manner.

The current implementation only supports modifying the subset of
system call information needed by strace: the system call number,
arguments, and return value.

This patch set extends PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO with support for
skipping a system call.

When tracing a system call the tracer can get the system call information
in a portable manner using the ptrace tag PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO.
The op returned in struct ptrace_syscall_info can be
PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY or PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP depending on
the way the system call was "captured".

The tracer can skip the system call by setting the system call number
to -1. However, the current PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO interface does not
provide a way to specify the return value or error code that should be
reported to the tracee after skipping the call.

Patch 1/5 introduces adds a new feature to solve the problem.

When the tracer retrieves a ptrace_syscall_info structure with op ==
PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP or PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY, it may choose to skip
the system call by changing op to PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT and populating the
exit union fields (rval and is_error) to define the return value and error
status for the tracee.

This patchset is a new version of the proposed patchset entitled:
ptrace_set_syscall_info: add support for seccomp syscall skipping and
instruction pointer modification
The patchset has been split in two:
syscall skipping(this)
instruction pointer modification (it is following soon)

Changes since the previous patchset v2:
* bugfix: skip_syscall init value
* fix comments

Changes in (previous patchset) v2:
* use PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT instead of a new tag
* fixed most of the comments from sashiko.dev

Renzo Davoli (2):
  ptrace: PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO syscall skipping support
  selftests/ptrace: add a test case for PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO syscall
    skipping

 kernel/ptrace.c                               |  23 ++-
 .../selftests/ptrace/set_syscall_info.c       | 176 +++++++++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 193 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

-- 
2.53.0

[PATCH 1/2] ptrace: PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO syscall skipping support

[Renzo Davoli]

This patch extends PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO with support for skipping a system
call triggered via seccomp.

When the tracer retrieves a ptrace_syscall_info structure with op ==
PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP or PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY, it may choose to skip
the system call by changing op to PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT and populating the
exit union fields (rval and is_error) to define the return value and error
status for the tracee.

Signed-off-by: Renzo Davoli <renzo@cs.unibo.it>
---
 kernel/ptrace.c | 23 ++++++++++++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 18 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/kernel/ptrace.c b/kernel/ptrace.c
index d041645d9d17..3877624daf4e 100644
--- a/kernel/ptrace.c
+++ b/kernel/ptrace.c
@@ -1099,7 +1099,7 @@ ptrace_set_syscall_info_seccomp(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *regs,
 
 static int
 ptrace_set_syscall_info_exit(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *regs,
-			     struct ptrace_syscall_info *info)
+			     struct ptrace_syscall_info *info, bool skip_syscall)
 {
 	long rval = info->exit.rval;
 
@@ -1116,6 +1116,9 @@ ptrace_set_syscall_info_exit(struct task_struct *child, struct pt_regs *regs,
 	else
 		syscall_set_return_value(child, regs, 0, rval);
 
+	if (skip_syscall)
+		syscall_set_nr(child, regs, -1);
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1125,6 +1128,7 @@ ptrace_set_syscall_info(struct task_struct *child, unsigned long user_size,
 {
 	struct pt_regs *regs = task_pt_regs(child);
 	struct ptrace_syscall_info info;
+	bool skip_syscall = false;
 
 	if (user_size < sizeof(info))
 		return -EINVAL;
@@ -1141,15 +1145,24 @@ ptrace_set_syscall_info(struct task_struct *child, unsigned long user_size,
 	if (info.flags || info.reserved)
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	/* Changing the type of the system call stop is not supported yet. */
-	if (ptrace_get_syscall_info_op(child) != info.op)
-		return -EINVAL;
+	/*
+	 * Changing the type of the system call stop is not allowed, with the
+	 * following exception:
+	 * PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP or PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY can be changed
+	 * to PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT to skip the system call
+	 */
+
+	if (ptrace_get_syscall_info_op(child) != info.op) {
+		if (info.op != PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT)
+			return -EINVAL;
+		skip_syscall = true;
+	}
 
 	switch (info.op) {
 	case PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY:
 		return ptrace_set_syscall_info_entry(child, regs, &info);
 	case PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT:
-		return ptrace_set_syscall_info_exit(child, regs, &info);
+		return ptrace_set_syscall_info_exit(child, regs, &info, skip_syscall);
 	case PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP:
 		return ptrace_set_syscall_info_seccomp(child, regs, &info);
 	default:
-- 
2.53.0

[PATCH 2/2] selftests/ptrace: add a test case for PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO syscall skipping

[Renzo Davoli]

Check whether PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO syscall skiping semantics implemented in the
kernel matches userspace expectations.

Signed-off-by: Renzo Davoli <renzo@cs.unibo.it>
---
 .../selftests/ptrace/set_syscall_info.c       | 176 +++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 175 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/ptrace/set_syscall_info.c b/tools/testing/selftests/ptrace/set_syscall_info.c
index 1cc411a41cd6..bcc867b627cd 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/ptrace/set_syscall_info.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/ptrace/set_syscall_info.c
@@ -11,9 +11,16 @@
 #include <err.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <signal.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
 #include <asm/unistd.h>
+#include <sys/prctl.h>
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/ptrace.h>
+#include <linux/filter.h>
+#include <linux/seccomp.h>
+#include <linux/prctl.h>
+
 
 #if defined(_MIPS_SIM) && _MIPS_SIM == _MIPS_SIM_NABI32
 /*
@@ -36,6 +43,7 @@ struct si_exit {
 
 static unsigned int ptrace_stop;
 static pid_t tracee_pid;
+static pid_t tracer_pid;
 
 static int
 kill_tracee(pid_t pid)
@@ -64,6 +72,25 @@ sys_ptrace(int request, pid_t pid, unsigned long addr, unsigned long data)
 		       ptrace_stop, ##__VA_ARGS__);		\
 	} while (0)
 
+static int sys_seccomp(unsigned int operation, unsigned int flags, void *args)
+{
+	return syscall(__NR_seccomp, operation, flags, args);
+}
+
+static struct sock_filter seccomp_filter[] = {
+	BPF_STMT(BPF_LD+BPF_W+BPF_ABS, offsetof(struct seccomp_data, nr)),
+
+	BPF_JUMP(BPF_JMP+BPF_JEQ+BPF_K, __NR_restart_syscall, 0, 1),
+	BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_ALLOW),
+
+	BPF_STMT(BPF_RET+BPF_K, SECCOMP_RET_TRACE),
+};
+
+static struct sock_fprog seccomp_prog = {
+	.filter = seccomp_filter,
+	.len = ARRAY_SIZE(seccomp_filter)
+};
+
 static void
 check_psi_entry(struct __test_metadata *_metadata,
 		const struct ptrace_syscall_info *info,
@@ -128,7 +155,6 @@ check_psi_exit(struct __test_metadata *_metadata,
 
 TEST(set_syscall_info)
 {
-	const pid_t tracer_pid = getpid();
 	const kernel_ulong_t dummy[] = {
 		(kernel_ulong_t) 0xdad0bef0bad0fed0ULL,
 		(kernel_ulong_t) 0xdad1bef1bad1fed1ULL,
@@ -138,6 +164,7 @@ TEST(set_syscall_info)
 		(kernel_ulong_t) 0xdad5bef5bad5fed5ULL,
 	};
 	int splice_in[2], splice_out[2];
+	tracer_pid = getpid();
 
 	ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe(splice_in));
 	ASSERT_EQ(0, pipe(splice_out));
@@ -516,4 +543,151 @@ TEST(set_syscall_info)
 	ASSERT_EQ(ptrace_stop, ARRAY_SIZE(si) * 2);
 }
 
+TEST(set_syscall_info_seccomp)
+{
+	tracer_pid = getpid();
+	tracee_pid = fork();
+
+	ASSERT_LE(0, tracee_pid) {
+		TH_LOG("fork: %m");
+	}
+
+	/* tracee */
+	if (tracee_pid == 0) {
+		tracee_pid = getpid();
+		ASSERT_EQ(0, sys_ptrace(PTRACE_TRACEME, 0, 0, 0)) {
+			TH_LOG("PTRACE_TRACEME: %m");
+		}
+		ASSERT_EQ(0, kill(tracee_pid, SIGSTOP)) {
+			/* cannot happen */
+			TH_LOG("kill SIGSTOP: %m");
+		}
+
+		ASSERT_EQ(0, prctl(PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS, 1, 0, 0, 0)) {
+			TH_LOG("prctl: %m");
+			_exit(1);
+		}
+		ASSERT_EQ(0, sys_seccomp(SECCOMP_SET_MODE_FILTER, 0,
+					(void *) &seccomp_prog)) {
+			TH_LOG("seccomp: %m");
+			_exit(1);
+		}
+
+		/* run getpid unmodified */
+		ASSERT_EQ(tracee_pid, getpid()) {
+			TH_LOG("getpid seccomp unchanged: %m");
+			_exit(1);
+		}
+
+		/* run getppid instead of getpid */
+		ASSERT_EQ(tracer_pid, getpid()) {
+			TH_LOG("getpid seccomp nr changes: %m");
+			_exit(1);
+		}
+
+		/* skip getpid and return 42 */
+		ASSERT_EQ(42, getpid()) {
+			TH_LOG("getpid skip set return value changes: %m");
+			_exit(1);
+		}
+		_exit(0);
+	}
+
+	int status;
+
+	/* tracer */
+	ASSERT_LE(0, waitpid(-1,&status,0)) {
+		LOG_KILL_TRACEE("waitpid: %m");
+	}
+
+	ASSERT_EQ(0, sys_ptrace(PTRACE_SETOPTIONS, tracee_pid, 0, PTRACE_O_TRACESECCOMP | PTRACE_O_TRACESYSGOOD))
+		LOG_KILL_TRACEE("PTRACE_SETOPTIONS: %m");
+
+	ASSERT_EQ(0, sys_ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee_pid, 0, 0)) {
+		LOG_KILL_TRACEE("PTRACE_CONT: %m");
+	}
+
+	while (1) {
+		ASSERT_EQ(tracee_pid, wait(&status)) {
+			/* cannot happen */
+			LOG_KILL_TRACEE("wait: %m");
+		}
+		if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
+			tracee_pid = 0; /* the tracee is no more */
+			ASSERT_EQ(0, WEXITSTATUS(status)) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("unexpected exit status %u",
+						WEXITSTATUS(status));
+			}
+			break;
+		}
+		ASSERT_FALSE(WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
+			tracee_pid = 0; /* the tracee is no more */
+			LOG_KILL_TRACEE("unexpected signal %u",
+					WTERMSIG(status));
+		}
+		ASSERT_TRUE(WIFSTOPPED(status)) {
+			LOG_KILL_TRACEE("unexpected wait status %#x", status);
+		}
+
+		if (status >> 8 == (SIGTRAP | (PTRACE_EVENT_SECCOMP << 8))) {
+			struct ptrace_syscall_info info;
+			size_t info_size = sizeof(info);
+			ASSERT_LT(0, sys_ptrace(PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO, tracee_pid, info_size, (uintptr_t) &info)) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("PTRACE_GET_SYSCALL_INFO: %m");
+			};
+			ASSERT_EQ(PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP, info.op) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("entry op mismatch: %m");
+			}
+			ASSERT_TRUE(info.arch) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("entry arch mismatch: %m");
+			}
+			ASSERT_TRUE(info.instruction_pointer) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("entry instruction_pointer mismatch: %m");
+			}
+			ASSERT_TRUE(info.stack_pointer) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("entry stack_pointer mismatch: %m");
+			}
+
+			switch (ptrace_stop) {
+				case 0: ASSERT_EQ(__NR_getpid, info.seccomp.nr) {
+						LOG_KILL_TRACEE("step %d nr __NR_getpid mismatch: %m", ptrace_stop);
+					}
+					ptrace_stop++;
+					break;
+				case 1: ASSERT_EQ(__NR_getpid, info.seccomp.nr) {
+						LOG_KILL_TRACEE("step %d nr __NR_getpid mismatch: %m", ptrace_stop);
+					}
+					info.seccomp.nr = __NR_getppid;
+					ptrace_stop++;
+					break;
+				case 2: ASSERT_EQ(__NR_getpid, info.seccomp.nr) {
+						LOG_KILL_TRACEE("step %d nr __NR_getpid mismatch: %m", ptrace_stop);
+					}
+					info.op = PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT;
+					info.exit.rval = 42;
+					info.exit.is_error = 0;
+					ptrace_stop++;
+					break;
+				case 3:  ASSERT_EQ(__NR_exit_group, info.seccomp.nr) {
+						 LOG_KILL_TRACEE("step %d nr __NR_exit_group mismatch: %m", ptrace_stop);
+					 }
+					 break;
+				default:
+					 LOG_KILL_TRACEE("unexpected system call: %m");
+					 break;
+
+			}
+			ASSERT_EQ(0,sys_ptrace(PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO, tracee_pid, info_size, (uintptr_t) &info)) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO: %m");
+			}
+
+			ASSERT_EQ(0,sys_ptrace(PTRACE_CONT, tracee_pid, 0, 0)) {
+				LOG_KILL_TRACEE("PTRACE_CONT: %m");
+			}
+		} else {
+			LOG_KILL_TRACEE("unexpected signal: %m");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 TEST_HARNESS_MAIN
-- 
2.53.0

Re: [PATCH 1/2] ptrace: PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO syscall skipping support

[Oleg Nesterov]

On 07/04, Renzo Davoli wrote:
>
> -	/* Changing the type of the system call stop is not supported yet. */
> -	if (ptrace_get_syscall_info_op(child) != info.op)
> -		return -EINVAL;
> +	/*
> +	 * Changing the type of the system call stop is not allowed, with the
> +	 * following exception:
> +	 * PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP or PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY can be changed
> +	 * to PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT to skip the system call
> +	 */
> +
> +	if (ptrace_get_syscall_info_op(child) != info.op) {
> +		if (info.op != PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT)
> +			return -EINVAL;
> +		skip_syscall = true;
> +	}

Ah... I forgot that ptrace_get_syscall_info_op() can return _NONE.

We should not allow _NONE -> _EXIT transition.

Oleg.

Re: [PATCH 1/2] ptrace: PTRACE_SET_SYSCALL_INFO syscall skipping support

[Renzo Davoli]

You are right, fixing in v2.
renzo

On Sat, Jul 04, 2026 at 01:17:48PM +0200, Oleg Nesterov wrote:
> On 07/04, Renzo Davoli wrote:
> >
> > -	/* Changing the type of the system call stop is not supported yet. */
> > -	if (ptrace_get_syscall_info_op(child) != info.op)
> > -		return -EINVAL;
> > +	/*
> > +	 * Changing the type of the system call stop is not allowed, with the
> > +	 * following exception:
> > +	 * PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_SECCOMP or PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_ENTRY can be changed
> > +	 * to PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT to skip the system call
> > +	 */
> > +
> > +	if (ptrace_get_syscall_info_op(child) != info.op) {
> > +		if (info.op != PTRACE_SYSCALL_INFO_EXIT)
> > +			return -EINVAL;
> > +		skip_syscall = true;
> > +	}
> 
> Ah... I forgot that ptrace_get_syscall_info_op() can return _NONE.
> 
> We should not allow _NONE -> _EXIT transition.
> 
> Oleg.