[PATCH ipsec v2] esp: fix page frag reference leak on skb_to_sgvec failure

[PATCH ipsec v2] esp: fix page frag reference leak on skb_to_sgvec failure

[Alessandro Schino]

From: e521588 <alessandro.schino@sbb.ch>

In esp_output_tail(), when esp->inplace is false, the old skb page frags
are replaced with a new page from the xfrm page_frag cache. The source
scatterlist (sg) is built from the old frags before the replacement, and
esp_ssg_unref() is responsible for releasing the old page references
after the crypto operation completes.

However, if the second skb_to_sgvec() call (which builds the destination
scatterlist from the new page) fails, the code jumps to error_free which
only calls kfree(tmp). The old page frag references captured in the
source scatterlist are never released:

  1. sg[] is built from old frags via skb_to_sgvec() (no extra get_page)
  2. nr_frags is set to 1 and frag[0] is replaced with the new page
  3. Second skb_to_sgvec() fails -> goto error_free
  4. kfree(tmp) frees the sg[] memory but old frags are not unref'd
  5. kfree_skb() only releases frag[0] (the new page), not the old ones

Fix this by adding a bool parameter to esp_ssg_unref() that, when true,
unconditionally unrefs the source scatterlist frags without checking
req->src and req->dst, since those fields are not yet initialized by
aead_request_set_crypt() at the point of the error. Existing callers
pass false to preserve the original behavior.

The same issue exists in both esp4 and esp6 as the code is identical.

Fixes: cac2661c53f3 ("esp4: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
Fixes: 03e2a30f6a27 ("esp6: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")

Signed-off-by: Alessandro Schino <7991aleschino@gmail.com>
---
 net/ipv4/esp4.c | 12 +++++++-----
 net/ipv6/esp6.c | 12 +++++++-----
 2 files changed, 14 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/net/ipv4/esp4.c b/net/ipv4/esp4.c
index 6a5febbdbee4..8314d7bddcb7 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/esp4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/esp4.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ static inline struct scatterlist *esp_req_sg(struct crypto_aead *aead,
 			     __alignof__(struct scatterlist));
 }
 
-static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb)
+static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb, bool already_unref)
 {
 	struct crypto_aead *aead = x->data;
 	int extralen = 0;
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	/* Unref skb_frag_pages in the src scatterlist if necessary.
 	 * Skip the first sg which comes from skb->data.
 	 */
-	if (req->src != req->dst)
+	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst)
 		for (sg = sg_next(req->src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
 			skb_page_unref(page_to_netmem(sg_page(sg)),
 				       skb->pp_recycle);
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ static void esp_output_done(void *data, int err)
 	}
 
 	tmp = ESP_SKB_CB(skb)->tmp;
-	esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb);
+	esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb, false);
 	kfree(tmp);
 
 	if (xo && (xo->flags & XFRM_DEV_RESUME)) {
@@ -569,8 +569,10 @@ int esp_output_tail(struct xfrm_state *x, struct sk_buff *skb, struct esp_info *
 		err = skb_to_sgvec(skb, dsg,
 			           (unsigned char *)esph - skb->data,
 			           assoclen + ivlen + esp->clen + alen);
-		if (unlikely(err < 0))
+		if (unlikely(err < 0)) {
+			esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb, true);
 			goto error_free;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if ((x->props.flags & XFRM_STATE_ESN))
@@ -602,7 +604,7 @@ int esp_output_tail(struct xfrm_state *x, struct sk_buff *skb, struct esp_info *
 	}
 
 	if (sg != dsg)
-		esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb);
+		esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb, false);
 
 	if (!err && x->encap && x->encap->encap_type == TCP_ENCAP_ESPINTCP)
 		err = esp_output_tail_tcp(x, skb);
diff --git a/net/ipv6/esp6.c b/net/ipv6/esp6.c
index 9c06c5a1419d..9d0c4957ac62 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/esp6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/esp6.c
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ static inline struct scatterlist *esp_req_sg(struct crypto_aead *aead,
 			     __alignof__(struct scatterlist));
 }
 
-static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb)
+static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb, bool already_unref)
 {
 	struct crypto_aead *aead = x->data;
 	int extralen = 0;
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb)
 	/* Unref skb_frag_pages in the src scatterlist if necessary.
 	 * Skip the first sg which comes from skb->data.
 	 */
-	if (req->src != req->dst)
+	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst)
 		for (sg = sg_next(req->src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
 			skb_page_unref(page_to_netmem(sg_page(sg)),
 				       skb->pp_recycle);
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ static void esp_output_done(void *data, int err)
 	}
 
 	tmp = ESP_SKB_CB(skb)->tmp;
-	esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb);
+	esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb, false);
 	kfree(tmp);
 
 	esp_output_encap_csum(skb);
@@ -600,8 +600,10 @@ int esp6_output_tail(struct xfrm_state *x, struct sk_buff *skb, struct esp_info
 		err = skb_to_sgvec(skb, dsg,
 			           (unsigned char *)esph - skb->data,
 			           assoclen + ivlen + esp->clen + alen);
-		if (unlikely(err < 0))
+		if (unlikely(err < 0)) {
+			esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb, true);
 			goto error_free;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if ((x->props.flags & XFRM_STATE_ESN))
@@ -634,7 +636,7 @@ int esp6_output_tail(struct xfrm_state *x, struct sk_buff *skb, struct esp_info
 	}
 
 	if (sg != dsg)
-		esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb);
+		esp_ssg_unref(x, tmp, skb, false);
 
 	if (!err && x->encap && x->encap->encap_type == TCP_ENCAP_ESPINTCP)
 		err = esp_output_tail_tcp(x, skb);
-- 
2.41.0.windows.3

Re: [PATCH ipsec v2] esp: fix page frag reference leak on skb_to_sgvec failure

[Steffen Klassert]

On Wed, May 20, 2026 at 09:27:17AM +0200, Alessandro Schino wrote:
> From: e521588 <alessandro.schino@sbb.ch>
> 
> In esp_output_tail(), when esp->inplace is false, the old skb page frags
> are replaced with a new page from the xfrm page_frag cache. The source
> scatterlist (sg) is built from the old frags before the replacement, and
> esp_ssg_unref() is responsible for releasing the old page references
> after the crypto operation completes.
> 
> However, if the second skb_to_sgvec() call (which builds the destination
> scatterlist from the new page) fails, the code jumps to error_free which
> only calls kfree(tmp). The old page frag references captured in the
> source scatterlist are never released:
> 
>   1. sg[] is built from old frags via skb_to_sgvec() (no extra get_page)
>   2. nr_frags is set to 1 and frag[0] is replaced with the new page
>   3. Second skb_to_sgvec() fails -> goto error_free
>   4. kfree(tmp) frees the sg[] memory but old frags are not unref'd
>   5. kfree_skb() only releases frag[0] (the new page), not the old ones
> 
> Fix this by adding a bool parameter to esp_ssg_unref() that, when true,
> unconditionally unrefs the source scatterlist frags without checking
> req->src and req->dst, since those fields are not yet initialized by
> aead_request_set_crypt() at the point of the error. Existing callers
> pass false to preserve the original behavior.
> 
> The same issue exists in both esp4 and esp6 as the code is identical.
> 
> Fixes: cac2661c53f3 ("esp4: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
> Fixes: 03e2a30f6a27 ("esp6: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
> 
> Signed-off-by: Alessandro Schino <7991aleschino@gmail.com>

Applied to the ipsec tree, thanks a lot!

[PATCH ipsec v2] esp: fix page frag reference leak on skb_to_sgvec failure

[Alessandro Schino]

In esp_output_tail(), when esp->inplace is false, the old skb page frags
are replaced with a new page from the xfrm page_frag cache. The source
scatterlist (sg) is built from the old frags before the replacement, and
esp_ssg_unref() is responsible for releasing the old page references
after the crypto operation completes.

However, if the second skb_to_sgvec() call (which builds the destination
scatterlist from the new page) fails, the code jumps to error_free which
only calls kfree(tmp). The old page frag references captured in the
source scatterlist are never released:

  1. sg[] is built from old frags via skb_to_sgvec() (no extra get_page)
  2. nr_frags is set to 1 and frag[0] is replaced with the new page
  3. Second skb_to_sgvec() fails -> goto error_free

Fix this by adding a bool parameter to esp_ssg_unref() that, when true,
unconditionally unrefs the source scatterlist frags. Since req->src is
not yet initialized by aead_request_set_crypt() at the point of the
error, the source scatterlist is obtained directly via esp_req_sg().
Existing callers pass false to preserve the original behavior.

The same issue exists in both esp4 and esp6 as the code is identical.

Fixes: cac2661c53f3 ("esp4: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
Fixes: 03e2a30f6a27 ("esp6: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
Signed-off-by: Alessandro Schino <7991aleschino@gmail.com>
---
v2: split the long line in esp_ssg_unref() to keep it under 100 columns

 net/ipv4/esp4.c | 7 +++++--
 net/ipv6/esp6.c | 7 +++++--
 2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/net/ipv4/esp4.c b/net/ipv4/esp4.c
index 2429c7845984..dfc81ee969ae 100644
--- a/net/ipv4/esp4.c
+++ b/net/ipv4/esp4.c
@@ -113,10 +113,13 @@ static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	/* Unref skb_frag_pages in the src scatterlist if necessary.
 	 * Skip the first sg which comes from skb->data.
 	 */
-	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst)
-		for (sg = sg_next(already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
+	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst) {
+		struct scatterlist *src = already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src;
+
+		for (sg = sg_next(src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
 			skb_page_unref(page_to_netmem(sg_page(sg)),
 				       skb->pp_recycle);
+	}
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_INET_ESPINTCP
diff --git a/net/ipv6/esp6.c b/net/ipv6/esp6.c
index 50af6ab9b8fc..296b57926abb 100644
--- a/net/ipv6/esp6.c
+++ b/net/ipv6/esp6.c
@@ -130,10 +130,13 @@ static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb,
 	/* Unref skb_frag_pages in the src scatterlist if necessary.
 	 * Skip the first sg which comes from skb->data.
 	 */
-	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst)
-		for (sg = sg_next(already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
+	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst) {
+		struct scatterlist *src = already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src;
+
+		for (sg = sg_next(src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
 			skb_page_unref(page_to_netmem(sg_page(sg)),
 				       skb->pp_recycle);
+	}
 }
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_INET6_ESPINTCP
-- 
2.41.0.windows.3

Re: [PATCH ipsec v2] esp: fix page frag reference leak on skb_to_sgvec failure

[Steffen Klassert]

On Wed, Jun 03, 2026 at 01:45:07PM +0200, Alessandro Schino wrote:
> In esp_output_tail(), when esp->inplace is false, the old skb page frags
> are replaced with a new page from the xfrm page_frag cache. The source
> scatterlist (sg) is built from the old frags before the replacement, and
> esp_ssg_unref() is responsible for releasing the old page references
> after the crypto operation completes.
> 
> However, if the second skb_to_sgvec() call (which builds the destination
> scatterlist from the new page) fails, the code jumps to error_free which
> only calls kfree(tmp). The old page frag references captured in the
> source scatterlist are never released:
> 
>   1. sg[] is built from old frags via skb_to_sgvec() (no extra get_page)
>   2. nr_frags is set to 1 and frag[0] is replaced with the new page
>   3. Second skb_to_sgvec() fails -> goto error_free
> 
> Fix this by adding a bool parameter to esp_ssg_unref() that, when true,
> unconditionally unrefs the source scatterlist frags. Since req->src is
> not yet initialized by aead_request_set_crypt() at the point of the
> error, the source scatterlist is obtained directly via esp_req_sg().
> Existing callers pass false to preserve the original behavior.
> 
> The same issue exists in both esp4 and esp6 as the code is identical.
> 
> Fixes: cac2661c53f3 ("esp4: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
> Fixes: 03e2a30f6a27 ("esp6: Avoid skb_cow_data whenever possible")
> Signed-off-by: Alessandro Schino <7991aleschino@gmail.com>
> ---
> v2: split the long line in esp_ssg_unref() to keep it under 100 columns
> 
>  net/ipv4/esp4.c | 7 +++++--
>  net/ipv6/esp6.c | 7 +++++--
>  2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/net/ipv4/esp4.c b/net/ipv4/esp4.c
> index 2429c7845984..dfc81ee969ae 100644
> --- a/net/ipv4/esp4.c
> +++ b/net/ipv4/esp4.c
> @@ -113,10 +113,13 @@ static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb,
>  	/* Unref skb_frag_pages in the src scatterlist if necessary.
>  	 * Skip the first sg which comes from skb->data.
>  	 */
> -	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst)
> -		for (sg = sg_next(already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
> +	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst) {
> +		struct scatterlist *src = already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src;

This looks like a diff beween two versions of your patch.
We don't have already_unref in the code, so it does not
apply.

> +
> +		for (sg = sg_next(src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
>  			skb_page_unref(page_to_netmem(sg_page(sg)),
>  				       skb->pp_recycle);
> +	}
>  }
>  
>  #ifdef CONFIG_INET_ESPINTCP
> diff --git a/net/ipv6/esp6.c b/net/ipv6/esp6.c
> index 50af6ab9b8fc..296b57926abb 100644
> --- a/net/ipv6/esp6.c
> +++ b/net/ipv6/esp6.c
> @@ -130,10 +130,13 @@ static void esp_ssg_unref(struct xfrm_state *x, void *tmp, struct sk_buff *skb,
>  	/* Unref skb_frag_pages in the src scatterlist if necessary.
>  	 * Skip the first sg which comes from skb->data.
>  	 */
> -	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst)
> -		for (sg = sg_next(already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src); sg; sg = sg_next(sg))
> +	if (already_unref || req->src != req->dst) {
> +		struct scatterlist *src = already_unref ? esp_req_sg(aead, req) : req->src;

Same here.