[PATCH v2 00/15] KVM: x86: Clean up kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() mess

[PATCH v2 00/15] KVM: x86: Clean up kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() mess

[Sean Christopherson]

Add proper, explicit "raw" versions of kvm_<reg>_{read,write}(), along
with "e" versions (for hardcoded 32-bit accesses), and convert the
existing kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() APIs into mode-aware variants.

This was prompted by commit 435741a4e766 ("KVM: SVM: Properly check RAX
on #GP intercept of SVM instructions"), where using kvm_rax_read() to
get EAX/RAX would have (*very* surprisingly) been wrong as it's actually
a "raw" variant that doesn't truncate accesses when the guest is in 32-bit
mode.

Aside from my dislike of inconsistent APIs, I really want to avoid carrying
code that's subtly relying on using kvm_register_read(...) when accessing a
hardcoded register.

Fix a handful of minor warts along the way.

Oh, and introduce regs.{c,h}, which just a "minor" addendum.  Yosry pointed
out that moving _more_ code into x86.h was rather gross (especially since the
code split was super arbitrary), and it turns out that create regs.{c,h} isn't
all that hard.  In the future, I think we can also add msr.{c,h}, so I very
deliberately didn't include that functionality in regs.{c,h}.

v2:
 - Collect tags. [Yosry, Kai
 - Fix some truly egregious goofs. [Binbin]
 - Rename kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h, add regs.c. [Yosry, though he'll
   probably yell at me for saying this was his suggestion :-) ]
 - Drop superfluous casting/masking of e*x() usage. [Kai]

v1: https://lore.kernel.org/all/20260409235622.2052730-1-seanjc@google.com

Sean Christopherson (15):
  KVM: SVM: Truncate INVLPGA address in compatibility mode
  KVM: x86/xen: Bug the VM if 32-bit KVM observes a 64-bit mode
    hypercall
  KVM: x86/xen: Don't truncate RAX when handling hypercall from
    protected guest
  KVM: VMX: Read 32-bit GPR values for ENCLS instructions outside of
    64-bit mode
  KVM: x86: Trace hypercall register *after* truncating values for
    32-bit
  KVM: x86: Rename kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h
  KVM: x86: Move inlined CR and DR helpers from x86.h to regs.h
  KVM: x86: Add mode-aware versions of kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() helpers
  KVM: x86: Drop non-raw kvm_<reg>_write() helpers
  KVM: nSVM: Use kvm_rax_read() now that it's mode-aware
  Revert "KVM: VMX: Read 32-bit GPR values for ENCLS instructions
    outside of 64-bit mode"
  KVM: x86: Harden is_64_bit_hypercall() against bugs on 32-bit kernels
  KVM: x86: Move update_cr8_intercept() to lapic.c
  KVM: x86: Move kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled() to x86.h (as an inline)
  KVM: x86: Move the bulk of register specific code from x86.c to regs.c

 arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h           |   2 -
 arch/x86/kvm/Makefile                     |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c                      |  12 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c                    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.c                     |  21 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.h                     |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c                      |  28 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/lapic.h                      |   1 +
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h                        |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c                    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.c                       | 829 +++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/kvm/{kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h} | 203 ++++-
 arch/x86/kvm/smm.c                        |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c                 |   8 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c                    |  19 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h                    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c                 |   8 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.h                 |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c                    |   6 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c                    |  18 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c                    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h                    |   2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c                        | 935 +---------------------
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h                        | 116 +--
 arch/x86/kvm/xen.c                        |  39 +-
 25 files changed, 1162 insertions(+), 1107 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/x86/kvm/regs.c
 rename arch/x86/kvm/{kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h} (58%)


base-commit: a9512a611bd030088f13477258d1f8103cceaa40
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

[PATCH v2 01/15] KVM: SVM: Truncate INVLPGA address in compatibility mode

[Sean Christopherson]

Check for full 64-bit mode, not just long mode, when truncating the
virtual address as part of INVLPGA emulation.  Compatibility mode doesn't
support 64-bit addressing.

Note, the FIXME still applies, e.g. if the guest deliberately targeted
EAX while in 64-bit via an address size override.  That flaw isn't worth
fixing as it would require decoding the code stream, which would open a
an entirely different can of worms, and in practice no sane guest would
shove garbage into RAX[63:32] and execute INVLPGA.

Note #2, VMSAVE, VMLOAD, and VMRUN all suffer from the same architectural
flaw of not providing the full linear address in a VMCB exit information
field, because, quoting the APM verbatim:

  the linear address is available directly from the guest rAX register

(VMSAVE, VMLOAD, and VMRUN take a physical address, but they're behavior
with respect to rAX is otherwise identical).

Fixes: bc9eff67fc35 ("KVM: SVM: Use default rAX size for INVLPGA emulation")
Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index e74fcde6155e..4ad87f8df392 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -2415,7 +2415,7 @@ static int invlpga_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		return 1;
 
 	/* FIXME: Handle an address size prefix. */
-	if (!is_long_mode(vcpu))
+	if (!is_64_bit_mode(vcpu))
 		gva = (u32)gva;
 
 	trace_kvm_invlpga(to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->save.rip, asid, gva);
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 01/15] KVM: SVM: Truncate INVLPGA address in compatibility mode

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Check for full 64-bit mode, not just long mode, when truncating the
> virtual address as part of INVLPGA emulation.  Compatibility mode doesn't
> support 64-bit addressing.
> 
> Note, the FIXME still applies, e.g. if the guest deliberately targeted
> EAX while in 64-bit via an address size override.  That flaw isn't worth
> fixing as it would require decoding the code stream, which would open a
                                                                        ^
an extra 'a'

> an entirely different can of worms, and in practice no sane guest would
> shove garbage into RAX[63:32] and execute INVLPGA.
> 
> Note #2, VMSAVE, VMLOAD, and VMRUN all suffer from the same architectural
> flaw of not providing the full linear address in a VMCB exit information
> field, because, quoting the APM verbatim:
> 
>   the linear address is available directly from the guest rAX register
> 
> (VMSAVE, VMLOAD, and VMRUN take a physical address, but they're behavior
                                                              ^
                                                          their      > with respect to rAX is otherwise identical).
> 
> Fixes: bc9eff67fc35 ("KVM: SVM: Use default rAX size for INVLPGA emulation")
> Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c | 2 +-
>  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
> index e74fcde6155e..4ad87f8df392 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
> @@ -2415,7 +2415,7 @@ static int invlpga_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  		return 1;
>  
>  	/* FIXME: Handle an address size prefix. */
> -	if (!is_long_mode(vcpu))
> +	if (!is_64_bit_mode(vcpu))
>  		gva = (u32)gva;
>  
>  	trace_kvm_invlpga(to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->save.rip, asid, gva);

[PATCH v2 02/15] KVM: x86/xen: Bug the VM if 32-bit KVM observes a 64-bit mode hypercall

[Sean Christopherson]

Bug the VM if 32-bit KVM attempts to handle a 64-bit hypercall, primarily
so that a future change to set "input" in mode-specific code doesn't
trigger a false positive warn=>error:

  arch/x86/kvm/xen.c:1687:6: error: variable 'input' is used uninitialized
                                    whenever 'if' condition is false [-Werror,-Wsometimes-uninitialized]
   1687 |         if (!longmode) {
        |             ^~~~~~~~~
  arch/x86/kvm/xen.c:1708:31: note: uninitialized use occurs here
   1708 |         trace_kvm_xen_hypercall(cpl, input, params[0], params[1], params[2],
        |                                      ^~~~~
  x86/kvm/xen.c:1687:2: note: remove the 'if' if its condition is always true
   1687 |         if (!longmode) {
        |         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  arch/x86/kvm/xen.c:1677:11: note: initialize the variable 'input' to silence this warning
   1677 |         u64 input, params[6], r = -ENOSYS;
        |                  ^
  1 error generated.

Note, params[] also has the same flaw, but -Wsometimes-uninitialized
doesn't seem to be enforced for arrays, presumably because it's difficult
to avoid false positives on specific entries.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/xen.c | 7 +++++--
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
index 91fd3673c09a..6d9be74bb673 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
@@ -1694,16 +1694,19 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		params[4] = (u32)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
 		params[5] = (u32)kvm_rbp_read(vcpu);
 	}
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	else {
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
 		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
 		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
 		params[3] = (u64)kvm_r10_read(vcpu);
 		params[4] = (u64)kvm_r8_read(vcpu);
 		params[5] = (u64)kvm_r9_read(vcpu);
-	}
+#else
+		KVM_BUG_ON(1, vcpu->kvm);
+		return -EIO;
 #endif
+	}
 	cpl = kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu);
 	trace_kvm_xen_hypercall(cpl, input, params[0], params[1], params[2],
 				params[3], params[4], params[5]);
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 02/15] KVM: x86/xen: Bug the VM if 32-bit KVM observes a 64-bit mode hypercall

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Bug the VM if 32-bit KVM attempts to handle a 64-bit hypercall, primarily
> so that a future change to set "input" in mode-specific code doesn't
> trigger a false positive warn=>error:
> 
>   arch/x86/kvm/xen.c:1687:6: error: variable 'input' is used uninitialized
>                                     whenever 'if' condition is false [-Werror,-Wsometimes-uninitialized]
>    1687 |         if (!longmode) {
>         |             ^~~~~~~~~
>   arch/x86/kvm/xen.c:1708:31: note: uninitialized use occurs here
>    1708 |         trace_kvm_xen_hypercall(cpl, input, params[0], params[1], params[2],
>         |                                      ^~~~~
>   x86/kvm/xen.c:1687:2: note: remove the 'if' if its condition is always true
>    1687 |         if (!longmode) {
>         |         ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
>   arch/x86/kvm/xen.c:1677:11: note: initialize the variable 'input' to silence this warning
>    1677 |         u64 input, params[6], r = -ENOSYS;
>         |                  ^
>   1 error generated.
> 
> Note, params[] also has the same flaw, but -Wsometimes-uninitialized
> doesn't seem to be enforced for arrays, presumably because it's difficult
> to avoid false positives on specific entries.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/xen.c | 7 +++++--
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> index 91fd3673c09a..6d9be74bb673 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> @@ -1694,16 +1694,19 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  		params[4] = (u32)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
>  		params[5] = (u32)kvm_rbp_read(vcpu);
>  	}
> -#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
>  	else {
> +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
>  		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
>  		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
>  		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
>  		params[3] = (u64)kvm_r10_read(vcpu);
>  		params[4] = (u64)kvm_r8_read(vcpu);
>  		params[5] = (u64)kvm_r9_read(vcpu);
> -	}
> +#else
> +		KVM_BUG_ON(1, vcpu->kvm);
> +		return -EIO;
>  #endif
> +	}
>  	cpl = kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu);
>  	trace_kvm_xen_hypercall(cpl, input, params[0], params[1], params[2],
>  				params[3], params[4], params[5]);

[PATCH v2 03/15] KVM: x86/xen: Don't truncate RAX when handling hypercall from protected guest

[Sean Christopherson]

Don't truncate RAX when handling a Xen hypercall for a guest with protected
state, as KVM's ABI is to assume the guest is in 64-bit for such cases
(the guest leaving garbage in 63:32 after a transition to 32-bit mode is
far less likely than 63:32 being necessary to complete the hypercall).

Fixes: b5aead0064f3 ("KVM: x86: Assume a 64-bit hypercall for guests with protected state")
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/xen.c | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
index 6d9be74bb673..895095dc684e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
@@ -1678,15 +1678,14 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	bool handled = false;
 	u8 cpl;
 
-	input = (u64)kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RAX);
-
 	/* Hyper-V hypercalls get bit 31 set in EAX */
-	if ((input & 0x80000000) &&
+	if ((kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & 0x80000000) &&
 	    kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
 		return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
 
 	longmode = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu);
 	if (!longmode) {
+		input = (u32)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
 		params[0] = (u32)kvm_rbx_read(vcpu);
 		params[1] = (u32)kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
 		params[2] = (u32)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
@@ -1696,6 +1695,7 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 	else {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+		input = (u64)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
 		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
 		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
 		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 03/15] KVM: x86/xen: Don't truncate RAX when handling hypercall from protected guest

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Don't truncate RAX when handling a Xen hypercall for a guest with protected
> state, as KVM's ABI is to assume the guest is in 64-bit for such cases
> (the guest leaving garbage in 63:32 after a transition to 32-bit mode is
> far less likely than 63:32 being necessary to complete the hypercall).
> 
> Fixes: b5aead0064f3 ("KVM: x86: Assume a 64-bit hypercall for guests with protected state")
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

The patch looks good to me, but one question below.

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/xen.c | 6 +++---
>  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> index 6d9be74bb673..895095dc684e 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> @@ -1678,15 +1678,14 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	bool handled = false;
>  	u8 cpl;
>  
> -	input = (u64)kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RAX);
> -
>  	/* Hyper-V hypercalls get bit 31 set in EAX */
> -	if ((input & 0x80000000) &&
> +	if ((kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & 0x80000000) &&
>  	    kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
>  		return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
>  
>  	longmode = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu);

Is the variable name misleading?
If the vcpu is in compatible mode (when guest state is not protected),
it's in long mode, but the code goes to !longmode path.

>  	if (!longmode) {
> +		input = (u32)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
>  		params[0] = (u32)kvm_rbx_read(vcpu);
>  		params[1] = (u32)kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
>  		params[2] = (u32)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
> @@ -1696,6 +1695,7 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	}
>  	else {
>  #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
> +		input = (u64)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
>  		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
>  		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
>  		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);

Re: [PATCH v2 03/15] KVM: x86/xen: Don't truncate RAX when handling hypercall from protected guest

[Sean Christopherson]

On Fri, May 15, 2026, Binbin Wu wrote:
> 
> 
> On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> > Don't truncate RAX when handling a Xen hypercall for a guest with protected
> > state, as KVM's ABI is to assume the guest is in 64-bit for such cases
> > (the guest leaving garbage in 63:32 after a transition to 32-bit mode is
> > far less likely than 63:32 being necessary to complete the hypercall).
> > 
> > Fixes: b5aead0064f3 ("KVM: x86: Assume a 64-bit hypercall for guests with protected state")
> > Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
> 
> The patch looks good to me, but one question below.
> 
> > ---
> >  arch/x86/kvm/xen.c | 6 +++---
> >  1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
> > 
> > diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> > index 6d9be74bb673..895095dc684e 100644
> > --- a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> > +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
> > @@ -1678,15 +1678,14 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >  	bool handled = false;
> >  	u8 cpl;
> >  
> > -	input = (u64)kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RAX);
> > -
> >  	/* Hyper-V hypercalls get bit 31 set in EAX */
> > -	if ((input & 0x80000000) &&
> > +	if ((kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & 0x80000000) &&
> >  	    kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
> >  		return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
> >  
> >  	longmode = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu);
> 
> Is the variable name misleading?

It most definitely is.  However, @longmode is passed around quite a few locations
in xen.c, and so I don't want to opportunistically fix this one variable.  Though
I'm definitely not opposed to a separate patch to rename them all to is_64bit or
something.

> If the vcpu is in compatible mode (when guest state is not protected),
> it's in long mode, but the code goes to !longmode path.
> 
> >  	if (!longmode) {
> > +		input = (u32)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
> >  		params[0] = (u32)kvm_rbx_read(vcpu);
> >  		params[1] = (u32)kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
> >  		params[2] = (u32)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
> > @@ -1696,6 +1695,7 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> >  	}
> >  	else {
> >  #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
> > +		input = (u64)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
> >  		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
> >  		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
> >  		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
> 

[PATCH v2 04/15] KVM: VMX: Read 32-bit GPR values for ENCLS instructions outside of 64-bit mode

[Sean Christopherson]

When getting register values for ENCLS emulation, use kvm_register_read()
instead of kvm_<reg>_read() so that bits 63:32 of the register are dropped
if the guest is in 32-bit mode.

Note, the misleading/surprising behavior of kvm_<reg>_read() being "raw"
variants under the hood will be addressed once all non-benign bugs are
fixed.

Fixes: 70210c044b4e ("KVM: VMX: Add SGX ENCLS[ECREATE] handler to enforce CPUID restrictions")
Fixes: b6f084ca5538 ("KVM: VMX: Add ENCLS[EINIT] handler to support SGX Launch Control (LC)")
Acked-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c | 10 +++++-----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
index df1d0cf76947..4c61fc33f764 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ static int handle_encls_ecreate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	struct x86_exception ex;
 	int r;
 
-	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
-	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
+	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
+	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
@@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static int handle_encls_einit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	gpa_t sig_gpa, secs_gpa, token_gpa;
 	int ret, trapnr;
 
-	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
-	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
-	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rdx_read(vcpu), 304, 512, &token_gva))
+	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
+	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
+	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RDX), 304, 512, &token_gva))
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 04/15] KVM: VMX: Read 32-bit GPR values for ENCLS instructions outside of 64-bit mode

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> When getting register values for ENCLS emulation, use kvm_register_read()
> instead of kvm_<reg>_read() so that bits 63:32 of the register are dropped
> if the guest is in 32-bit mode.
> 
> Note, the misleading/surprising behavior of kvm_<reg>_read() being "raw"
> variants under the hood will be addressed once all non-benign bugs are
> fixed.
> 
> Fixes: 70210c044b4e ("KVM: VMX: Add SGX ENCLS[ECREATE] handler to enforce CPUID restrictions")
> Fixes: b6f084ca5538 ("KVM: VMX: Add ENCLS[EINIT] handler to support SGX Launch Control (LC)")
> Acked-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c | 10 +++++-----
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
> index df1d0cf76947..4c61fc33f764 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
> @@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ static int handle_encls_ecreate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	struct x86_exception ex;
>  	int r;
>  
> -	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
> -	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
> +	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
> +	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
>  		return 1;
>  
>  	/*
> @@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static int handle_encls_einit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	gpa_t sig_gpa, secs_gpa, token_gpa;
>  	int ret, trapnr;
>  
> -	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
> -	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
> -	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rdx_read(vcpu), 304, 512, &token_gva))
> +	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
> +	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
> +	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RDX), 304, 512, &token_gva))
>  		return 1;
>  
>  	/*

[PATCH v2 05/15] KVM: x86: Trace hypercall register *after* truncating values for 32-bit

[Sean Christopherson]

When tracing hypercalls, invoke the tracepoint *after* truncating the
register values for 32-bit guests so as not to record unused garbage (in
the extremely unlikely scenario that the guest left garbage in a register
after transitioning from 64-bit mode to 32-bit mode).

Fixes: 229456fc34b1 ("KVM: convert custom marker based tracing to event traces")
Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 209eae67ab18..23b3957b9ae0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -10430,8 +10430,6 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int cpl,
 
 	++vcpu->stat.hypercalls;
 
-	trace_kvm_hypercall(nr, a0, a1, a2, a3);
-
 	if (!op_64_bit) {
 		nr &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
 		a0 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
@@ -10440,6 +10438,8 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int cpl,
 		a3 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
 	}
 
+	trace_kvm_hypercall(nr, a0, a1, a2, a3);
+
 	if (cpl) {
 		ret = -KVM_EPERM;
 		goto out;
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 05/15] KVM: x86: Trace hypercall register *after* truncating values for 32-bit

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> When tracing hypercalls, invoke the tracepoint *after* truncating the
> register values for 32-bit guests so as not to record unused garbage (in
> the extremely unlikely scenario that the guest left garbage in a register
> after transitioning from 64-bit mode to 32-bit mode).
> 
> Fixes: 229456fc34b1 ("KVM: convert custom marker based tracing to event traces")
> Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 4 ++--
>  1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> index 209eae67ab18..23b3957b9ae0 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
> @@ -10430,8 +10430,6 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int cpl,
>  
>  	++vcpu->stat.hypercalls;
>  
> -	trace_kvm_hypercall(nr, a0, a1, a2, a3);
> -
>  	if (!op_64_bit) {
>  		nr &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
>  		a0 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
> @@ -10440,6 +10438,8 @@ int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int cpl,
>  		a3 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
>  	}
>  
> +	trace_kvm_hypercall(nr, a0, a1, a2, a3);
> +
>  	if (cpl) {
>  		ret = -KVM_EPERM;
>  		goto out;

[PATCH v2 06/15] KVM: x86: Rename kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h

[Sean Christopherson]

Rename kvm_cache_regs.h to simply regs.h, as the "cache" nomenclature is
already a lie (the file deals with state/registers that aren't cached per
se), and so that more code/functionality can be landed in the header
without making it a truly horrible misnomer.

Deliberately drop the kvm_ prefix/namespace to align with other "local"
headers, and to further differentiate regs.h from the public/global
arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_regs.h, which sadly needs to stay in asm/
so that the number of registers can be referenced by kvm_vcpu_arch.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c                      | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h                        | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/{kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h} | 4 ++--
 arch/x86/kvm/smm.c                        | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.h                 | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h                    | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c                        | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h                        | 2 +-
 14 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)
 rename arch/x86/kvm/{kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h} (99%)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c b/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
index 8013dccb3110..6e64761f64b1 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/emulate.c
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
 
 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "kvm_emulate.h"
 #include <linux/stringify.h>
 #include <asm/debugreg.h>
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c b/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
index 4078e624ca66..d8dbfb107bfb 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 #include <asm/delay.h>
 #include <linux/atomic.h>
 #include <linux/jump_label.h>
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "irq.h"
 #include "ioapic.h"
 #include "trace.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
index ddf4e467c071..e1bb663ebbd5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu.h
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #define __KVM_X86_MMU_H
 
 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "x86.h"
 #include "cpuid.h"
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c
index c87c26bf4149..b8f2edf2cfeb 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/mmu/mmu.c
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 #include "mmu_internal.h"
 #include "tdp_mmu.h"
 #include "x86.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "smm.h"
 #include "kvm_emulate.h"
 #include "page_track.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/kvm_cache_regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
similarity index 99%
rename from arch/x86/kvm/kvm_cache_regs.h
rename to arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
index 2ae492ad6412..4440f3992fce 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/kvm_cache_regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
-#ifndef ASM_KVM_CACHE_REGS_H
-#define ASM_KVM_CACHE_REGS_H
+#ifndef ARCH_X86_KVM_REGS_H
+#define ARCH_X86_KVM_REGS_H
 
 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/smm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/smm.c
index f623c5986119..a446487bdd5c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/smm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/smm.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 #include <linux/kvm_host.h>
 #include "x86.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "kvm_emulate.h"
 #include "smm.h"
 #include "cpuid.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index 4ad87f8df392..be775d285ce7 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 
 #include "irq.h"
 #include "mmu.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "x86.h"
 #include "smm.h"
 #include "cpuid.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
index 2b6733dffd76..b8c7f4535691 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.h
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include <asm/sev-common.h>
 
 #include "cpuid.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "x86.h"
 
 /*
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.h b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.h
index 213a448104af..6d6cd5904ddf 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.h
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 #ifndef __KVM_X86_VMX_NESTED_H
 #define __KVM_X86_VMX_NESTED_H
 
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "hyperv.h"
 #include "vmcs12.h"
 #include "vmx.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
index 4c61fc33f764..66c315554b46 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #include <asm/sgx.h>
 
 #include "x86.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "nested.h"
 #include "sgx.h"
 #include "vmx.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c
index b02d176800f8..67bc6edfd856 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.c
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 #include "hyperv.h"
 #include "kvm_onhyperv.h"
 #include "irq.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "lapic.h"
 #include "mmu.h"
 #include "nested.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h
index daedf663c0a9..de9de0d2016c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/vmx.h
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include <asm/posted_intr.h>
 
 #include "capabilities.h"
-#include "../kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "../regs.h"
 #include "pmu_intel.h"
 #include "vmcs.h"
 #include "vmx_ops.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 23b3957b9ae0..ab13aed2cbd0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 #include "mmu.h"
 #include "i8254.h"
 #include "tss.h"
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "kvm_emulate.h"
 #include "mmu/page_track.h"
 #include "x86.h"
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
index 38a905fa86de..2bbecc83ecc2 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 #include <asm/fpu/xstate.h>
 #include <asm/mce.h>
 #include <asm/pvclock.h>
-#include "kvm_cache_regs.h"
+#include "regs.h"
 #include "kvm_emulate.h"
 #include "cpuid.h"
 
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 06/15] KVM: x86: Rename kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, May 14, 2026 at 2:54 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
>
> Rename kvm_cache_regs.h to simply regs.h, as the "cache" nomenclature is
> already a lie (the file deals with state/registers that aren't cached per
> se), and so that more code/functionality can be landed in the header
> without making it a truly horrible misnomer.
>
> Deliberately drop the kvm_ prefix/namespace to align with other "local"
> headers, and to further differentiate regs.h from the public/global
> arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_regs.h, which sadly needs to stay in asm/
> so that the number of registers can be referenced by kvm_vcpu_arch.
>
> No functional change intended.
>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 06/15] KVM: x86: Rename kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Rename kvm_cache_regs.h to simply regs.h, as the "cache" nomenclature is
> already a lie (the file deals with state/registers that aren't cached per
> se), and so that more code/functionality can be landed in the header
> without making it a truly horrible misnomer.
> 
> Deliberately drop the kvm_ prefix/namespace to align with other "local"
> headers, and to further differentiate regs.h from the public/global
> arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_vcpu_regs.h, which sadly needs to stay in asm/
> so that the number of registers can be referenced by kvm_vcpu_arch.
> 
> No functional change intended.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

[PATCH v2 07/15] KVM: x86: Move inlined CR and DR helpers from x86.h to regs.h

[Sean Christopherson]

Move inlined Control Register and Debug Register helpers from x86.h to the
aptly named regs.h, to help trim down x86.h (and x86.c in the future).

Move select EFER functionality, but leave behind all other MSR handling,
There is more than enough MSR code to carve out msr.{c,h} in the future.
Give EFER special treatment as it's an "MSR" in name only, e.g. it's has
far more in common with CR4 than it does with any MSR.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.h | 108 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h  | 102 -----------------------------------------
 2 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 105 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
index 4440f3992fce..ecc66b577e82 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
@@ -16,6 +16,37 @@
 
 static_assert(!(KVM_POSSIBLE_CR0_GUEST_BITS & X86_CR0_PDPTR_BITS));
 
+static inline bool is_long_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	return !!(vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LMA);
+#else
+	return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline bool is_64_bit_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int cs_db, cs_l;
+
+	WARN_ON_ONCE(vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected);
+
+	if (!is_long_mode(vcpu))
+		return false;
+	kvm_x86_call(get_cs_db_l_bits)(vcpu, &cs_db, &cs_l);
+	return cs_l;
+}
+
+static inline bool is_64_bit_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If running with protected guest state, the CS register is not
+	 * accessible. The hypercall register values will have had to been
+	 * provided in 64-bit mode, so assume the guest is in 64-bit.
+	 */
+	return vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected || is_64_bit_mode(vcpu);
+}
+
 #define BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(lname, uname)				      \
 static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)\
 {									      \
@@ -177,6 +208,12 @@ static inline void kvm_rsp_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long val)
 	kvm_register_write_raw(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RSP, val);
 }
 
+static inline u64 kvm_read_edx_eax(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return (kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & -1u)
+		| ((u64)(kvm_rdx_read(vcpu) & -1u) << 32);
+}
+
 static inline u64 kvm_pdptr_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int index)
 {
 	might_sleep();  /* on svm */
@@ -243,10 +280,75 @@ static inline ulong kvm_read_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return kvm_read_cr4_bits(vcpu, ~0UL);
 }
 
-static inline u64 kvm_read_edx_eax(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+static inline bool __kvm_is_valid_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
 {
-	return (kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & -1u)
-		| ((u64)(kvm_rdx_read(vcpu) & -1u) << 32);
+	return !(cr4 & vcpu->arch.cr4_guest_rsvd_bits);
+}
+
+#define __cr4_reserved_bits(__cpu_has, __c)             \
+({                                                      \
+	u64 __reserved_bits = CR4_RESERVED_BITS;        \
+                                                        \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_XSAVE))         \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_OSXSAVE;     \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_SMEP))          \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_SMEP;        \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_SMAP))          \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_SMAP;        \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_FSGSBASE))      \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_FSGSBASE;    \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_PKU))           \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_PKE;         \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_LA57))          \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_LA57;        \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_UMIP))          \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_UMIP;        \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_VMX))           \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_VMXE;        \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_PCID))          \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_PCIDE;       \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_LAM))           \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_LAM_SUP;     \
+	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_SHSTK) &&       \
+	    !__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_IBT))           \
+		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_CET;         \
+	__reserved_bits;                                \
+})
+
+static inline bool is_protmode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return kvm_is_cr0_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR0_PE);
+}
+
+static inline bool is_pae(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PAE);
+}
+
+static inline bool is_pse(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PSE);
+}
+
+static inline bool is_paging(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return likely(kvm_is_cr0_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR0_PG));
+}
+
+static inline bool is_pae_paging(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return !is_long_mode(vcpu) && is_pae(vcpu) && is_paging(vcpu);
+}
+
+static inline bool kvm_dr7_valid(u64 data)
+{
+	/* Bits [63:32] are reserved */
+	return !(data >> 32);
+}
+static inline bool kvm_dr6_valid(u64 data)
+{
+	/* Bits [63:32] are reserved */
+	return !(data >> 32);
 }
 
 static inline void enter_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
index 2bbecc83ecc2..16d1c3c1a2d9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
@@ -243,42 +243,6 @@ static inline bool kvm_exception_is_soft(unsigned int nr)
 	return (nr == BP_VECTOR) || (nr == OF_VECTOR);
 }
 
-static inline bool is_protmode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return kvm_is_cr0_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR0_PE);
-}
-
-static inline bool is_long_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	return !!(vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LMA);
-#else
-	return false;
-#endif
-}
-
-static inline bool is_64_bit_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	int cs_db, cs_l;
-
-	WARN_ON_ONCE(vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected);
-
-	if (!is_long_mode(vcpu))
-		return false;
-	kvm_x86_call(get_cs_db_l_bits)(vcpu, &cs_db, &cs_l);
-	return cs_l;
-}
-
-static inline bool is_64_bit_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	/*
-	 * If running with protected guest state, the CS register is not
-	 * accessible. The hypercall register values will have had to been
-	 * provided in 64-bit mode, so assume the guest is in 64-bit.
-	 */
-	return vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected || is_64_bit_mode(vcpu);
-}
-
 static inline bool x86_exception_has_error_code(unsigned int vector)
 {
 	static u32 exception_has_error_code = BIT(DF_VECTOR) | BIT(TS_VECTOR) |
@@ -293,26 +257,6 @@ static inline bool mmu_is_nested(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return vcpu->arch.walk_mmu == &vcpu->arch.nested_mmu;
 }
 
-static inline bool is_pae(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PAE);
-}
-
-static inline bool is_pse(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PSE);
-}
-
-static inline bool is_paging(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return likely(kvm_is_cr0_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR0_PG));
-}
-
-static inline bool is_pae_paging(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return !is_long_mode(vcpu) && is_pae(vcpu) && is_paging(vcpu);
-}
-
 static inline u8 vcpu_virt_addr_bits(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	return kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_LA57) ? 57 : 48;
@@ -630,17 +574,6 @@ static inline bool kvm_pat_valid(u64 data)
 	return (data | ((data & 0x0202020202020202ull) << 1)) == data;
 }
 
-static inline bool kvm_dr7_valid(u64 data)
-{
-	/* Bits [63:32] are reserved */
-	return !(data >> 32);
-}
-static inline bool kvm_dr6_valid(u64 data)
-{
-	/* Bits [63:32] are reserved */
-	return !(data >> 32);
-}
-
 /*
  * Trigger machine check on the host. We assume all the MSRs are already set up
  * by the CPU and that we still run on the same CPU as the MCE occurred on.
@@ -687,41 +620,6 @@ enum kvm_msr_access {
 #define  KVM_MSR_RET_UNSUPPORTED	2
 #define  KVM_MSR_RET_FILTERED		3
 
-static inline bool __kvm_is_valid_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
-{
-	return !(cr4 & vcpu->arch.cr4_guest_rsvd_bits);
-}
-
-#define __cr4_reserved_bits(__cpu_has, __c)             \
-({                                                      \
-	u64 __reserved_bits = CR4_RESERVED_BITS;        \
-                                                        \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_XSAVE))         \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_OSXSAVE;     \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_SMEP))          \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_SMEP;        \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_SMAP))          \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_SMAP;        \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_FSGSBASE))      \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_FSGSBASE;    \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_PKU))           \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_PKE;         \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_LA57))          \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_LA57;        \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_UMIP))          \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_UMIP;        \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_VMX))           \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_VMXE;        \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_PCID))          \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_PCIDE;       \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_LAM))           \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_LAM_SUP;     \
-	if (!__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_SHSTK) &&       \
-	    !__cpu_has(__c, X86_FEATURE_IBT))           \
-		__reserved_bits |= X86_CR4_CET;         \
-	__reserved_bits;                                \
-})
-
 int kvm_sev_es_mmio(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool is_write, gpa_t gpa,
 		    unsigned int bytes, void *data);
 int kvm_sev_es_string_io(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned int size,
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 07/15] KVM: x86: Move inlined CR and DR helpers from x86.h to regs.h

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, May 14, 2026 at 2:54 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
>
> Move inlined Control Register and Debug Register helpers from x86.h to the
> aptly named regs.h, to help trim down x86.h (and x86.c in the future).
>
> Move select EFER functionality, but leave behind all other MSR handling,
> There is more than enough MSR code to carve out msr.{c,h} in the future.
> Give EFER special treatment as it's an "MSR" in name only, e.g. it's has
> far more in common with CR4 than it does with any MSR.
>
> No functional change intended.
>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/regs.h | 108 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++--
>  arch/x86/kvm/x86.h  | 102 -----------------------------------------
>  2 files changed, 105 insertions(+), 105 deletions(-)
>
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> index 4440f3992fce..ecc66b577e82 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> @@ -16,6 +16,37 @@
>
>  static_assert(!(KVM_POSSIBLE_CR0_GUEST_BITS & X86_CR0_PDPTR_BITS));
>
> +static inline bool is_long_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
> +       return !!(vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LMA);
> +#else
> +       return false;
> +#endif
> +}
> +
> +static inline bool is_64_bit_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +       int cs_db, cs_l;
> +
> +       WARN_ON_ONCE(vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected);
> +
> +       if (!is_long_mode(vcpu))
> +               return false;
> +       kvm_x86_call(get_cs_db_l_bits)(vcpu, &cs_db, &cs_l);
> +       return cs_l;
> +}
> +
> +static inline bool is_64_bit_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
> +{
> +       /*
> +        * If running with protected guest state, the CS register is not
> +        * accessible. The hypercall register values will have had to been
> +        * provided in 64-bit mode, so assume the guest is in 64-bit.
> +        */
> +       return vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected || is_64_bit_mode(vcpu);
> +}

This is really stretching the meaning of 'regs', but it's not that
much worse than 'x86'..

Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>

Re: [PATCH v2 07/15] KVM: x86: Move inlined CR and DR helpers from x86.h to regs.h

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Move inlined Control Register and Debug Register helpers from x86.h to the
> aptly named regs.h, to help trim down x86.h (and x86.c in the future).
> 
> Move select EFER functionality, but leave behind all other MSR handling,
> There is more than enough MSR code to carve out msr.{c,h} in the future.
> Give EFER special treatment as it's an "MSR" in name only, e.g. it's has
                                                                    ^
                                                                   it

> far more in common with CR4 than it does with any MSR.
> 
> No functional change intended.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

Nit: The shortlog doesn't cover EFER.

[PATCH v2 08/15] KVM: x86: Add mode-aware versions of kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() helpers

[Sean Christopherson]

Make kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() mode-aware (where the value is truncated to
32 bits if the vCPU isn't in 64-bit mode), and convert all the intentional
"raw" accesses to kvm_<reg>_{read,write}_raw() versions.  To avoid
confusion and bikeshedding over whether or not explicit 32-bit accesses
should use the "raw" or mode-aware variants, add and use "e" versions, e.g.
for things like RDMSR, WRMSR, and CPUID, where the instruction uses only
only bits 31:0, regardless of mode.

No functional change intended (all use of "e" versions is for cases where
the value is already truncated due to bouncing through a u32).

Cc: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c      |  12 ++--
 arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.c     |  21 +++----
 arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.h     |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.h       |  80 +++++++++++++++++--------
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c |   6 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c    |  13 ++--
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c |   8 +--
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c    |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c    |  18 +++---
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c        | 121 +++++++++++++++++++-------------------
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h        |   8 +--
 arch/x86/kvm/xen.c        |  32 +++++-----
 12 files changed, 173 insertions(+), 154 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c b/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c
index e69156b54cff..fe765f1c3b15 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/cpuid.c
@@ -2165,13 +2165,13 @@ int kvm_emulate_cpuid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	    !kvm_require_cpl(vcpu, 0))
 		return 1;
 
-	eax = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
-	ecx = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
+	eax = kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
+	ecx = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
 	kvm_cpuid(vcpu, &eax, &ebx, &ecx, &edx, false);
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, eax);
-	kvm_rbx_write(vcpu, ebx);
-	kvm_rcx_write(vcpu, ecx);
-	kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, edx);
+	kvm_eax_write(vcpu, eax);
+	kvm_ebx_write(vcpu, ebx);
+	kvm_ecx_write(vcpu, ecx);
+	kvm_edx_write(vcpu, edx);
 	return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_emulate_cpuid);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.c b/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.c
index 015c6947b462..3551af9a9453 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.c
@@ -2377,10 +2377,10 @@ static void kvm_hv_hypercall_set_result(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 result)
 
 	longmode = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu);
 	if (longmode)
-		kvm_rax_write(vcpu, result);
+		kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, result);
 	else {
-		kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, result >> 32);
-		kvm_rax_write(vcpu, result & 0xffffffff);
+		kvm_edx_write(vcpu, result >> 32);
+		kvm_eax_write(vcpu, result);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2544,18 +2544,15 @@ int kvm_hv_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	if (is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu)) {
-		hc.param = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
-		hc.ingpa = kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
-		hc.outgpa = kvm_r8_read(vcpu);
+		hc.param = kvm_rcx_read_raw(vcpu);
+		hc.ingpa = kvm_rdx_read_raw(vcpu);
+		hc.outgpa = kvm_r8_read_raw(vcpu);
 	} else
 #endif
 	{
-		hc.param = ((u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu) << 32) |
-			    (kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & 0xffffffff);
-		hc.ingpa = ((u64)kvm_rbx_read(vcpu) << 32) |
-			    (kvm_rcx_read(vcpu) & 0xffffffff);
-		hc.outgpa = ((u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu) << 32) |
-			     (kvm_rsi_read(vcpu) & 0xffffffff);
+		hc.param = ((u64)kvm_edx_read(vcpu) << 32) | kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
+		hc.ingpa = ((u64)kvm_ebx_read(vcpu) << 32) | kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
+		hc.outgpa = ((u64)kvm_edi_read(vcpu) << 32) | kvm_esi_read(vcpu);
 	}
 
 	hc.code = hc.param & 0xffff;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.h b/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.h
index 6301f79fcbae..65e89ed65349 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/hyperv.h
@@ -232,8 +232,8 @@ static inline bool kvm_hv_is_tlb_flush_hcall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if (!hv_vcpu)
 		return false;
 
-	code = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu) ? kvm_rcx_read(vcpu) :
-					   kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	code = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu) ? kvm_rcx_read_raw(vcpu) :
+					   kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
 
 	return (code == HVCALL_FLUSH_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_SPACE ||
 		code == HVCALL_FLUSH_VIRTUAL_ADDRESS_LIST ||
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
index ecc66b577e82..b28e71caed25 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
@@ -47,32 +47,61 @@ static inline bool is_64_bit_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected || is_64_bit_mode(vcpu);
 }
 
-#define BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(lname, uname)				      \
-static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)\
-{									      \
-	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname];			      \
-}									      \
-static __always_inline void kvm_##lname##_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,	      \
-						unsigned long val)	      \
-{									      \
-	vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] = val;			      \
+static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_reg_mode_mask(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	return is_64_bit_mode(vcpu) ? GENMASK(63, 0) : GENMASK(31, 0);
+#else
+	return GENMASK(31, 0);
+#endif
+}
+
+#define __BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(lname, uname)						\
+static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)		\
+{											\
+	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);		\
+}											\
+static __always_inline void kvm_##lname##_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,			\
+						unsigned long val)			\
+{											\
+	vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] = val & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);		\
+}											\
+static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read_raw(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)	\
+{											\
+	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname];					\
+}											\
+static __always_inline void kvm_##lname##_write_raw(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,		\
+						    unsigned long val)			\
+{											\
+	vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] = val;					\
 }
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rax, RAX)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rbx, RBX)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rcx, RCX)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rdx, RDX)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rbp, RBP)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rsi, RSI)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(rdi, RDI)
+#define BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(lname, uname)						\
+static __always_inline u32 kvm_e##lname##_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)			\
+{											\
+	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname];					\
+}											\
+static __always_inline void kvm_e##lname##_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 val)	\
+{											\
+	vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] = val;					\
+}											\
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r##lname, uname)
+
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(ax, RAX)
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(bx, RBX)
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(cx, RCX)
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(dx, RDX)
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(bp, RBP)
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(si, RSI)
+BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(di, RDI)
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r8,  R8)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r9,  R9)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r10, R10)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r11, R11)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r12, R12)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r13, R13)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r14, R14)
-BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r15, R15)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r8,  R8)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r9,  R9)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r10, R10)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r11, R11)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r12, R12)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r13, R13)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r14, R14)
+__BUILD_KVM_GPR_ACCESSORS(r15, R15)
 #endif
 
 /*
@@ -210,8 +239,7 @@ static inline void kvm_rsp_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long val)
 
 static inline u64 kvm_read_edx_eax(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	return (kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & -1u)
-		| ((u64)(kvm_rdx_read(vcpu) & -1u) << 32);
+	return kvm_eax_read(vcpu) | (u64)(kvm_edx_read(vcpu)) << 32;
 }
 
 static inline u64 kvm_pdptr_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int index)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 4ef9bc6a553f..7b2d804ef2b0 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -778,7 +778,7 @@ static void nested_vmcb02_prepare_save(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 
 	svm->vcpu.arch.cr2 = save->cr2;
 
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, save->rax);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, save->rax);
 	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, save->rsp);
 	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, save->rip);
 
@@ -1244,7 +1244,7 @@ static int nested_svm_vmexit_update_vmcb12(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	vmcb12->save.rflags = kvm_get_rflags(vcpu);
 	vmcb12->save.rip    = kvm_rip_read(vcpu);
 	vmcb12->save.rsp    = kvm_rsp_read(vcpu);
-	vmcb12->save.rax    = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	vmcb12->save.rax    = kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
 	vmcb12->save.dr7    = vmcb02->save.dr7;
 	vmcb12->save.dr6    = svm->vcpu.arch.dr6;
 	vmcb12->save.cpl    = vmcb02->save.cpl;
@@ -1394,7 +1394,7 @@ void nested_svm_vmexit(struct vcpu_svm *svm)
 	svm_set_efer(vcpu, vmcb01->save.efer);
 	svm_set_cr0(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr0 | X86_CR0_PE);
 	svm_set_cr4(vcpu, vmcb01->save.cr4);
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, vmcb01->save.rax);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, vmcb01->save.rax);
 	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, vmcb01->save.rsp);
 	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, vmcb01->save.rip);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index be775d285ce7..02fb9560c26e 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -2408,15 +2408,12 @@ static int clgi_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static int invlpga_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	gva_t gva = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
-	u32 asid = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
-
-	if (nested_svm_check_permissions(vcpu))
-		return 1;
-
 	/* FIXME: Handle an address size prefix. */
-	if (!is_64_bit_mode(vcpu))
-		gva = (u32)gva;
+	gva_t gva = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	u32 asid = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
+
+	if (nested_svm_check_permissions(vcpu))
+		return 1;
 
 	trace_kvm_invlpga(to_svm(vcpu)->vmcb->save.rip, asid, gva);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c
index 4690a4d23709..20d75bf0a455 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/nested.c
@@ -6148,7 +6148,7 @@ static int handle_invvpid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 static int nested_vmx_eptp_switching(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 				     struct vmcs12 *vmcs12)
 {
-	u32 index = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
+	u32 index = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
 	u64 new_eptp;
 
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!nested_cpu_has_ept(vmcs12)))
@@ -6182,7 +6182,7 @@ static int handle_vmfunc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct vcpu_vmx *vmx = to_vmx(vcpu);
 	struct vmcs12 *vmcs12;
-	u32 function = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	u32 function = kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
 
 	/*
 	 * VMFUNC should never execute cleanly while L1 is active; KVM supports
@@ -6304,7 +6304,7 @@ static bool nested_vmx_exit_handled_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	    exit_reason.basic == EXIT_REASON_MSR_WRITE_IMM)
 		msr_index = vmx_get_exit_qual(vcpu);
 	else
-		msr_index = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
+		msr_index = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
 
 	/*
 	 * The MSR_BITMAP page is divided into four 1024-byte bitmaps,
@@ -6414,7 +6414,7 @@ static bool nested_vmx_exit_handled_encls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	    !nested_cpu_has2(vmcs12, SECONDARY_EXEC_ENCLS_EXITING))
 		return false;
 
-	encls_leaf = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	encls_leaf = kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
 	if (encls_leaf > 62)
 		encls_leaf = 63;
 	return vmcs12->encls_exiting_bitmap & BIT_ULL(encls_leaf);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
index 66c315554b46..2f5a1c58f3c5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
@@ -352,7 +352,7 @@ static int handle_encls_einit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		rflags &= ~X86_EFLAGS_ZF;
 	vmx_set_rflags(vcpu, rflags);
 
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, ret);
+	kvm_eax_write(vcpu, ret);
 	return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 }
 
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ static inline bool sgx_enabled_in_guest_bios(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 int handle_encls(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	u32 leaf = (u32)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	u32 leaf = kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
 
 	if (!enable_sgx || !guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_SGX) ||
 	    !guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_SGX1)) {
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c
index f97bcf580e6d..ec88b58e2b27 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/tdx.c
@@ -1163,11 +1163,11 @@ static int complete_hypercall_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static int tdx_emulate_vmcall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r10);
-	kvm_rbx_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r11);
-	kvm_rcx_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r12);
-	kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r13);
-	kvm_rsi_write(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r14);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r10);
+	kvm_rbx_write_raw(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r11);
+	kvm_rcx_write_raw(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r12);
+	kvm_rdx_write_raw(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r13);
+	kvm_rsi_write_raw(vcpu, to_tdx(vcpu)->vp_enter_args.r14);
 
 	return __kvm_emulate_hypercall(vcpu, 0, complete_hypercall_exit);
 }
@@ -2028,12 +2028,12 @@ int tdx_handle_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, fastpath_t fastpath)
 	case EXIT_REASON_IO_INSTRUCTION:
 		return tdx_emulate_io(vcpu);
 	case EXIT_REASON_MSR_READ:
-		kvm_rcx_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r12);
+		kvm_ecx_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r12);
 		return kvm_emulate_rdmsr(vcpu);
 	case EXIT_REASON_MSR_WRITE:
-		kvm_rcx_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r12);
-		kvm_rax_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r13 & -1u);
-		kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r13 >> 32);
+		kvm_ecx_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r12);
+		kvm_eax_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r13);
+		kvm_edx_write(vcpu, tdx->vp_enter_args.r13 >> 32);
 		return kvm_emulate_wrmsr(vcpu);
 	case EXIT_REASON_EPT_MISCONFIG:
 		return tdx_emulate_mmio(vcpu);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index ab13aed2cbd0..b958521bc81f 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -1319,7 +1319,7 @@ int kvm_emulate_xsetbv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	/* Note, #UD due to CR4.OSXSAVE=0 has priority over the intercept. */
 	if (kvm_x86_call(get_cpl)(vcpu) != 0 ||
-	    __kvm_set_xcr(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), kvm_read_edx_eax(vcpu))) {
+	    __kvm_set_xcr(vcpu, kvm_ecx_read(vcpu), kvm_read_edx_eax(vcpu))) {
 		kvm_inject_gp(vcpu, 0);
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -1608,7 +1608,7 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_get_dr);
 
 int kvm_emulate_rdpmc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	u32 pmc = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
+	u32 pmc = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
 	u64 data;
 
 	if (kvm_pmu_rdpmc(vcpu, pmc, &data)) {
@@ -1616,8 +1616,8 @@ int kvm_emulate_rdpmc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		return 1;
 	}
 
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, (u32)data);
-	kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, data >> 32);
+	kvm_eax_write(vcpu, data);
+	kvm_edx_write(vcpu, data >> 32);
 	return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_emulate_rdpmc);
@@ -2064,8 +2064,8 @@ EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_emulate_msr_write);
 static void complete_userspace_rdmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	if (!vcpu->run->msr.error) {
-		kvm_rax_write(vcpu, (u32)vcpu->run->msr.data);
-		kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, vcpu->run->msr.data >> 32);
+		kvm_eax_write(vcpu, vcpu->run->msr.data);
+		kvm_edx_write(vcpu, vcpu->run->msr.data >> 32);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2146,8 +2146,8 @@ static int __kvm_emulate_rdmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr, int reg,
 		trace_kvm_msr_read(msr, data);
 
 		if (reg < 0) {
-			kvm_rax_write(vcpu, data & -1u);
-			kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, (data >> 32) & -1u);
+			kvm_eax_write(vcpu, data);
+			kvm_edx_write(vcpu, data >> 32);
 		} else {
 			kvm_register_write(vcpu, reg, data);
 		}
@@ -2164,7 +2164,7 @@ static int __kvm_emulate_rdmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr, int reg,
 
 int kvm_emulate_rdmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	return __kvm_emulate_rdmsr(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), -1,
+	return __kvm_emulate_rdmsr(vcpu, kvm_ecx_read(vcpu), -1,
 				   complete_fast_rdmsr);
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_emulate_rdmsr);
@@ -2200,7 +2200,7 @@ static int __kvm_emulate_wrmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr, u64 data)
 
 int kvm_emulate_wrmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	return __kvm_emulate_wrmsr(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu),
+	return __kvm_emulate_wrmsr(vcpu, kvm_ecx_read(vcpu),
 				   kvm_read_edx_eax(vcpu));
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_emulate_wrmsr);
@@ -2310,7 +2310,7 @@ static fastpath_t __handle_fastpath_wrmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr, u64 da
 
 fastpath_t handle_fastpath_wrmsr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	return __handle_fastpath_wrmsr(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu),
+	return __handle_fastpath_wrmsr(vcpu, kvm_ecx_read(vcpu),
 				       kvm_read_edx_eax(vcpu));
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(handle_fastpath_wrmsr);
@@ -9691,7 +9691,7 @@ static int complete_fast_pio_out(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 static int kvm_fast_pio_out(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int size,
 			    unsigned short port)
 {
-	unsigned long val = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
+	unsigned long val = kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
 	int ret = emulator_pio_out(vcpu, size, port, &val, 1);
 
 	if (ret)
@@ -9727,10 +9727,10 @@ static int complete_fast_pio_in(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	}
 
 	/* For size less than 4 we merge, else we zero extend */
-	val = (vcpu->arch.pio.size < 4) ? kvm_rax_read(vcpu) : 0;
+	val = (vcpu->arch.pio.size < 4) ? kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu) : 0;
 
 	complete_emulator_pio_in(vcpu, &val);
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, val);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, val);
 
 	return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 }
@@ -9742,11 +9742,11 @@ static int kvm_fast_pio_in(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int size,
 	int ret;
 
 	/* For size less than 4 we merge, else we zero extend */
-	val = (size < 4) ? kvm_rax_read(vcpu) : 0;
+	val = (size < 4) ? kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu) : 0;
 
 	ret = emulator_pio_in(vcpu, size, port, &val, 1);
 	if (ret) {
-		kvm_rax_write(vcpu, val);
+		kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, val);
 		return ret;
 	}
 
@@ -10413,29 +10413,30 @@ static int complete_hypercall_exit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 	if (!is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu))
 		ret = (u32)ret;
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, ret);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, ret);
 	return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 }
 
 int ____kvm_emulate_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int cpl,
 			      int (*complete_hypercall)(struct kvm_vcpu *))
 {
-	unsigned long ret;
-	unsigned long nr = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
-	unsigned long a0 = kvm_rbx_read(vcpu);
-	unsigned long a1 = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
-	unsigned long a2 = kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
-	unsigned long a3 = kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
 	int op_64_bit = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu);
+	unsigned long ret, nr, a0, a1, a2, a3;
 
 	++vcpu->stat.hypercalls;
 
-	if (!op_64_bit) {
-		nr &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
-		a0 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
-		a1 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
-		a2 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
-		a3 &= 0xFFFFFFFF;
+	if (op_64_bit) {
+		nr = kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
+		a0 = kvm_rbx_read_raw(vcpu);
+		a1 = kvm_rcx_read_raw(vcpu);
+		a2 = kvm_rdx_read_raw(vcpu);
+		a3 = kvm_rsi_read_raw(vcpu);
+	} else {
+		nr = kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
+		a0 = kvm_ebx_read(vcpu);
+		a1 = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
+		a2 = kvm_edx_read(vcpu);
+		a3 = kvm_esi_read(vcpu);
 	}
 
 	trace_kvm_hypercall(nr, a0, a1, a2, a3);
@@ -12133,23 +12134,23 @@ static void __get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
 		emulator_writeback_register_cache(vcpu->arch.emulate_ctxt);
 		vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu = false;
 	}
-	regs->rax = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rbx = kvm_rbx_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rcx = kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rdx = kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rsi = kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rdi = kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
+	regs->rax = kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rbx = kvm_rbx_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rcx = kvm_rcx_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rdx = kvm_rdx_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rsi = kvm_rsi_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rdi = kvm_rdi_read_raw(vcpu);
 	regs->rsp = kvm_rsp_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rbp = kvm_rbp_read(vcpu);
+	regs->rbp = kvm_rbp_read_raw(vcpu);
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	regs->r8 = kvm_r8_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r9 = kvm_r9_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r10 = kvm_r10_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r11 = kvm_r11_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r12 = kvm_r12_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r13 = kvm_r13_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r14 = kvm_r14_read(vcpu);
-	regs->r15 = kvm_r15_read(vcpu);
+	regs->r8 = kvm_r8_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r9 = kvm_r9_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r10 = kvm_r10_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r11 = kvm_r11_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r12 = kvm_r12_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r13 = kvm_r13_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r14 = kvm_r14_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r15 = kvm_r15_read_raw(vcpu);
 #endif
 
 	regs->rip = kvm_rip_read(vcpu);
@@ -12173,23 +12174,23 @@ static void __set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
 	vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_from_vcpu = true;
 	vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu = false;
 
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, regs->rax);
-	kvm_rbx_write(vcpu, regs->rbx);
-	kvm_rcx_write(vcpu, regs->rcx);
-	kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, regs->rdx);
-	kvm_rsi_write(vcpu, regs->rsi);
-	kvm_rdi_write(vcpu, regs->rdi);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rax);
+	kvm_rbx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rbx);
+	kvm_rcx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rcx);
+	kvm_rdx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rdx);
+	kvm_rsi_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rsi);
+	kvm_rdi_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rdi);
 	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, regs->rsp);
-	kvm_rbp_write(vcpu, regs->rbp);
+	kvm_rbp_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rbp);
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	kvm_r8_write(vcpu, regs->r8);
-	kvm_r9_write(vcpu, regs->r9);
-	kvm_r10_write(vcpu, regs->r10);
-	kvm_r11_write(vcpu, regs->r11);
-	kvm_r12_write(vcpu, regs->r12);
-	kvm_r13_write(vcpu, regs->r13);
-	kvm_r14_write(vcpu, regs->r14);
-	kvm_r15_write(vcpu, regs->r15);
+	kvm_r8_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r8);
+	kvm_r9_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r9);
+	kvm_r10_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r10);
+	kvm_r11_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r11);
+	kvm_r12_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r12);
+	kvm_r13_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r13);
+	kvm_r14_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r14);
+	kvm_r15_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r15);
 #endif
 
 	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, regs->rip);
@@ -13092,7 +13093,7 @@ void kvm_vcpu_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool init_event)
 	 * on RESET.  But, go through the motions in case that's ever remedied.
 	 */
 	cpuid_0x1 = kvm_find_cpuid_entry(vcpu, 1);
-	kvm_rdx_write(vcpu, cpuid_0x1 ? cpuid_0x1->eax : 0x600);
+	kvm_edx_write(vcpu, cpuid_0x1 ? cpuid_0x1->eax : 0x600);
 
 	kvm_x86_call(vcpu_reset)(vcpu, init_event);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
index 16d1c3c1a2d9..bd4423e82b02 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
@@ -367,17 +367,13 @@ static inline bool vcpu_match_mmio_gpa(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t gpa)
 
 static inline unsigned long kvm_register_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int reg)
 {
-	unsigned long val = kvm_register_read_raw(vcpu, reg);
-
-	return is_64_bit_mode(vcpu) ? val : (u32)val;
+	return kvm_register_read_raw(vcpu, reg) & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);
 }
 
 static inline void kvm_register_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 				       int reg, unsigned long val)
 {
-	if (!is_64_bit_mode(vcpu))
-		val = (u32)val;
-	return kvm_register_write_raw(vcpu, reg, val);
+	return kvm_register_write_raw(vcpu, reg, val & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu));
 }
 
 static inline bool kvm_check_has_quirk(struct kvm *kvm, u64 quirk)
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
index 895095dc684e..694b31c1fcc9 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/xen.c
@@ -1408,7 +1408,7 @@ int kvm_xen_hvm_config(struct kvm *kvm, struct kvm_xen_hvm_config *xhc)
 
 static int kvm_xen_hypercall_set_result(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 result)
 {
-	kvm_rax_write(vcpu, result);
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, result);
 	return kvm_skip_emulated_instruction(vcpu);
 }
 
@@ -1679,29 +1679,29 @@ int kvm_xen_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	u8 cpl;
 
 	/* Hyper-V hypercalls get bit 31 set in EAX */
-	if ((kvm_rax_read(vcpu) & 0x80000000) &&
+	if ((kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu) & 0x80000000) &&
 	    kvm_hv_hypercall_enabled(vcpu))
 		return kvm_hv_hypercall(vcpu);
 
 	longmode = is_64_bit_hypercall(vcpu);
 	if (!longmode) {
-		input = (u32)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
-		params[0] = (u32)kvm_rbx_read(vcpu);
-		params[1] = (u32)kvm_rcx_read(vcpu);
-		params[2] = (u32)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
-		params[3] = (u32)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
-		params[4] = (u32)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
-		params[5] = (u32)kvm_rbp_read(vcpu);
+		input = kvm_eax_read(vcpu);
+		params[0] = kvm_ebx_read(vcpu);
+		params[1] = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
+		params[2] = kvm_edx_read(vcpu);
+		params[3] = kvm_esi_read(vcpu);
+		params[4] = kvm_edi_read(vcpu);
+		params[5] = kvm_ebp_read(vcpu);
 	}
 	else {
 #ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-		input = (u64)kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
-		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read(vcpu);
-		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read(vcpu);
-		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read(vcpu);
-		params[3] = (u64)kvm_r10_read(vcpu);
-		params[4] = (u64)kvm_r8_read(vcpu);
-		params[5] = (u64)kvm_r9_read(vcpu);
+		input = (u64)kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
+		params[0] = (u64)kvm_rdi_read_raw(vcpu);
+		params[1] = (u64)kvm_rsi_read_raw(vcpu);
+		params[2] = (u64)kvm_rdx_read_raw(vcpu);
+		params[3] = (u64)kvm_r10_read_raw(vcpu);
+		params[4] = (u64)kvm_r8_read_raw(vcpu);
+		params[5] = (u64)kvm_r9_read_raw(vcpu);
 #else
 		KVM_BUG_ON(1, vcpu->kvm);
 		return -EIO;
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 08/15] KVM: x86: Add mode-aware versions of kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() helpers

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Make kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() mode-aware (where the value is truncated to
> 32 bits if the vCPU isn't in 64-bit mode), and convert all the intentional
> "raw" accesses to kvm_<reg>_{read,write}_raw() versions.  To avoid
> confusion and bikeshedding over whether or not explicit 32-bit accesses
> should use the "raw" or mode-aware variants, add and use "e" versions, e.g.
> for things like RDMSR, WRMSR, and CPUID, where the instruction uses only
> only bits 31:0, regardless of mode.
   ^
  double "only"

> 
> No functional change intended (all use of "e" versions is for cases where
> the value is already truncated due to bouncing through a u32).
> 
> Cc: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>
> Cc: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

[PATCH v2 09/15] KVM: x86: Drop non-raw kvm_<reg>_write() helpers

[Sean Christopherson]

Drop the non-raw, mode-aware kvm_<reg>_write() helpers as there is no
usage in KVM, and in all likelihood there will never be usage in KVM as
use of hardcoded registers in instructions is uncommon, and *modifying*
hardcoded registers is practically unheard of.  While there are a few
instructions that modify registers in mode-aware ways, e.g. REP string
and some ENCLS varieties, the odds of KVM needing to emulate such
instructions (outside of the fully emulator) are vanishingly small.

Drop kvm_<reg>_write() to prevent incorrect usage; _if_ a new instruction
comes along that needs to modify a hardcoded register, this can be
reverted.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.h | 5 -----
 1 file changed, 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
index b28e71caed25..52bed14f43e3 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
@@ -61,11 +61,6 @@ static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {											\
 	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);		\
 }											\
-static __always_inline void kvm_##lname##_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,			\
-						unsigned long val)			\
-{											\
-	vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] = val & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);		\
-}											\
 static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read_raw(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)	\
 {											\
 	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname];					\
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 09/15] KVM: x86: Drop non-raw kvm_<reg>_write() helpers

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Drop the non-raw, mode-aware kvm_<reg>_write() helpers as there is no
> usage in KVM, and in all likelihood there will never be usage in KVM as
> use of hardcoded registers in instructions is uncommon, and *modifying*
> hardcoded registers is practically unheard of.  While there are a few
> instructions that modify registers in mode-aware ways, e.g. REP string
> and some ENCLS varieties, the odds of KVM needing to emulate such
> instructions (outside of the fully emulator) are vanishingly small.
> 
> Drop kvm_<reg>_write() to prevent incorrect usage; _if_ a new instruction
> comes along that needs to modify a hardcoded register, this can be
> reverted.
> 
> No functional change intended.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/regs.h | 5 -----
>  1 file changed, 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> index b28e71caed25..52bed14f43e3 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> @@ -61,11 +61,6 @@ static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  {											\
>  	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);		\
>  }											\
> -static __always_inline void kvm_##lname##_write(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,			\
> -						unsigned long val)			\
> -{											\
> -	vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname] = val & kvm_reg_mode_mask(vcpu);		\
> -}											\
>  static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_##lname##_read_raw(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)	\
>  {											\
>  	return vcpu->arch.regs[VCPU_REGS_##uname];					\

[PATCH v2 10/15] KVM: nSVM: Use kvm_rax_read() now that it's mode-aware

[Sean Christopherson]

Now that kvm_rax_read() truncates the output value to 32 bits if the
vCPU isn't in 64-bit mode, use it instead of the more verbose (and very
technically slower) kvm_register_read().

Note!  VMLOAD, VMSAVE, and VMRUN emulation are still technically buggy,
as they can use EAX (versus RAX) in 64-bit mode via an operand size
prefix.  Don't bother trying to handle that case, as it would require
decoding the code stream, which would open an entirely different can of
worms, and in practice no sane guest would shove garbage into RAX[63:32]
and then execute VMLOAD/VMSAVE/VMRUN with just EAX.

No functional change intended.

Cc: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Yosry Ahmed <yosry@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c | 2 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c    | 4 ++--
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
index 7b2d804ef2b0..4b1259eecec5 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/nested.c
@@ -1119,7 +1119,7 @@ int nested_svm_vmrun(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	if (WARN_ON_ONCE(!svm->nested.initialized))
 		return -EINVAL;
 
-	vmcb12_gpa = kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RAX);
+	vmcb12_gpa = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
 	if (!page_address_valid(vcpu, vmcb12_gpa)) {
 		kvm_inject_gp(vcpu, 0);
 		return 1;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
index 02fb9560c26e..6379c389d811 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/svm/svm.c
@@ -2217,7 +2217,7 @@ static int intr_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static int vmload_vmsave_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool vmload)
 {
-	u64 vmcb12_gpa = kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RAX);
+	u64 vmcb12_gpa = kvm_rax_read(vcpu);
 	struct vcpu_svm *svm = to_svm(vcpu);
 	struct vmcb *vmcb12;
 	struct kvm_host_map map;
@@ -2325,7 +2325,7 @@ static int gp_interception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		if (nested_svm_check_permissions(vcpu))
 			return 1;
 
-		if (!page_address_valid(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RAX)))
+		if (!page_address_valid(vcpu, kvm_rax_read(vcpu)))
 			goto reinject;
 
 		/*
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

[PATCH v2 11/15] Revert "KVM: VMX: Read 32-bit GPR values for ENCLS instructions outside of 64-bit mode"

[Sean Christopherson]

Now that kvm_<reg>_read() are mode aware, i.e. are functionally equivalent
to kvm_register_read(), revert aback to the less verbose versions.

No functional change intended.

This reverts commit 60919eccf6764c71cef31a1afeaa1a36b8e5ab85.

Acked-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c | 10 +++++-----
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
index 2f5a1c58f3c5..876dc2814108 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ static int handle_encls_ecreate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	struct x86_exception ex;
 	int r;
 
-	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
-	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
+	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
+	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
@@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static int handle_encls_einit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	gpa_t sig_gpa, secs_gpa, token_gpa;
 	int ret, trapnr;
 
-	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
-	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
-	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RDX), 304, 512, &token_gva))
+	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
+	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
+	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rdx_read(vcpu), 304, 512, &token_gva))
 		return 1;
 
 	/*
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 11/15] Revert "KVM: VMX: Read 32-bit GPR values for ENCLS instructions outside of 64-bit mode"

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Now that kvm_<reg>_read() are mode aware, i.e. are functionally equivalent
> to kvm_register_read(), revert aback to the less verbose versions.
> 
> No functional change intended.
> 
> This reverts commit 60919eccf6764c71cef31a1afeaa1a36b8e5ab85.
> 
> Acked-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c | 10 +++++-----
>  1 file changed, 5 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
> index 2f5a1c58f3c5..876dc2814108 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/vmx/sgx.c
> @@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ static int handle_encls_ecreate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	struct x86_exception ex;
>  	int r;
>  
> -	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
> -	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
> +	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 32, 32, &pageinfo_gva) ||
> +	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva))
>  		return 1;
>  
>  	/*
> @@ -302,9 +302,9 @@ static int handle_encls_einit(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  	gpa_t sig_gpa, secs_gpa, token_gpa;
>  	int ret, trapnr;
>  
> -	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RBX), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
> -	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RCX), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
> -	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_register_read(vcpu, VCPU_REGS_RDX), 304, 512, &token_gva))
> +	if (sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rbx_read(vcpu), 1808, 4096, &sig_gva) ||
> +	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rcx_read(vcpu), 4096, 4096, &secs_gva) ||
> +	    sgx_get_encls_gva(vcpu, kvm_rdx_read(vcpu), 304, 512, &token_gva))
>  		return 1;
>  
>  	/*

[PATCH v2 12/15] KVM: x86: Harden is_64_bit_hypercall() against bugs on 32-bit kernels

[Sean Christopherson]

Unconditionally return %false for is_64_bit_hypercall() on 32-bit kernels
to guard against incorrectly setting guest_state_protected, and because
in a (very) hypothetical world where 32-bit KVM supports protected guests,
assuming a hypercall was made in 64-bit mode is flat out wrong.

Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.h | 4 ++++
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
index 52bed14f43e3..d4d2a47a4968 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
@@ -39,12 +39,16 @@ static inline bool is_64_bit_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static inline bool is_64_bit_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
 	/*
 	 * If running with protected guest state, the CS register is not
 	 * accessible. The hypercall register values will have had to been
 	 * provided in 64-bit mode, so assume the guest is in 64-bit.
 	 */
 	return vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected || is_64_bit_mode(vcpu);
+#else
+	return false;
+#endif
 }
 
 static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_reg_mode_mask(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 12/15] KVM: x86: Harden is_64_bit_hypercall() against bugs on 32-bit kernels

[Binbin Wu]

On 5/15/2026 5:53 AM, Sean Christopherson wrote:
> Unconditionally return %false for is_64_bit_hypercall() on 32-bit kernels
> to guard against incorrectly setting guest_state_protected, and because
> in a (very) hypothetical world where 32-bit KVM supports protected guests,
> assuming a hypercall was made in 64-bit mode is flat out wrong.
> 
> Reviewed-by: Kai Huang <kai.huang@intel.com>
> Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>

Reviewed-by: Binbin Wu <binbin.wu@linux.intel.com>

> ---
>  arch/x86/kvm/regs.h | 4 ++++
>  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> index 52bed14f43e3..d4d2a47a4968 100644
> --- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> +++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
> @@ -39,12 +39,16 @@ static inline bool is_64_bit_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  
>  static inline bool is_64_bit_hypercall(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
>  {
> +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
>  	/*
>  	 * If running with protected guest state, the CS register is not
>  	 * accessible. The hypercall register values will have had to been
>  	 * provided in 64-bit mode, so assume the guest is in 64-bit.
>  	 */
>  	return vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected || is_64_bit_mode(vcpu);
> +#else
> +	return false;
> +#endif
>  }
>  
>  static __always_inline unsigned long kvm_reg_mode_mask(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)

[PATCH v2 13/15] KVM: x86: Move update_cr8_intercept() to lapic.c

[Sean Christopherson]

Move update_cr8_intercept() to lapic.c so that it's globally visible
in anticipation of extracting most of the register-specific code out of
x86.c and into a new compilation unit.  Opportunistically prefix the
helper kvm_lapic_ to make its role/scope more obvious.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/kvm/lapic.h |  1 +
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c   | 34 +++-------------------------------
 3 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 31 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c b/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
index d8dbfb107bfb..27cca31308bd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.c
@@ -2744,6 +2744,32 @@ u64 kvm_lapic_get_cr8(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return (tpr & 0xf0) >> 4;
 }
 
+void kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int max_irr, tpr;
+
+	if (!kvm_x86_ops.update_cr8_intercept)
+		return;
+
+	if (!lapic_in_kernel(vcpu))
+		return;
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.apic->apicv_active)
+		return;
+
+	if (!vcpu->arch.apic->vapic_addr)
+		max_irr = kvm_lapic_find_highest_irr(vcpu);
+	else
+		max_irr = -1;
+
+	if (max_irr != -1)
+		max_irr >>= 4;
+
+	tpr = kvm_lapic_get_cr8(vcpu);
+
+	kvm_x86_call(update_cr8_intercept)(vcpu, tpr, max_irr);
+}
+
 static void __kvm_apic_set_base(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u64 value)
 {
 	u64 old_value = vcpu->arch.apic_base;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.h b/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.h
index 274885af4ebc..533581d06151 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/lapic.h
@@ -100,6 +100,7 @@ int kvm_apic_accept_events(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void kvm_lapic_reset(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool init_event);
 u64 kvm_lapic_get_cr8(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void kvm_lapic_set_tpr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr8);
+void kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void kvm_lapic_set_eoi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void kvm_apic_set_version(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 void kvm_apic_after_set_mcg_cap(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index b958521bc81f..1113a31978dd 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -128,7 +128,6 @@ static u64 __read_mostly efer_reserved_bits = ~((u64)EFER_SCE);
 				    KVM_X2APIC_ENABLE_SUPPRESS_EOI_BROADCAST	| \
 				    KVM_X2APIC_DISABLE_SUPPRESS_EOI_BROADCAST)
 
-static void update_cr8_intercept(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 static void process_nmi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 static void __kvm_set_rflags(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long rflags);
 static void store_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
@@ -5342,7 +5341,7 @@ static int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_set_lapic(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	r = kvm_apic_set_state(vcpu, s);
 	if (r)
 		return r;
-	update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
+	kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -10583,33 +10582,6 @@ static void post_kvm_run_save(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 		kvm_run->flags |= KVM_RUN_X86_GUEST_MODE;
 }
 
-static void update_cr8_intercept(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	int max_irr, tpr;
-
-	if (!kvm_x86_ops.update_cr8_intercept)
-		return;
-
-	if (!lapic_in_kernel(vcpu))
-		return;
-
-	if (vcpu->arch.apic->apicv_active)
-		return;
-
-	if (!vcpu->arch.apic->vapic_addr)
-		max_irr = kvm_lapic_find_highest_irr(vcpu);
-	else
-		max_irr = -1;
-
-	if (max_irr != -1)
-		max_irr >>= 4;
-
-	tpr = kvm_lapic_get_cr8(vcpu);
-
-	kvm_x86_call(update_cr8_intercept)(vcpu, tpr, max_irr);
-}
-
-
 int kvm_check_nested_events(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	if (kvm_test_request(KVM_REQ_TRIPLE_FAULT, vcpu)) {
@@ -11350,7 +11322,7 @@ static int vcpu_enter_guest(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 			kvm_x86_call(enable_irq_window)(vcpu);
 
 		if (kvm_lapic_enabled(vcpu)) {
-			update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
+			kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
 			kvm_lapic_sync_to_vapic(vcpu);
 		}
 	}
@@ -12496,7 +12468,7 @@ static int __set_sregs_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs,
 	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->tr, VCPU_SREG_TR);
 	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ldt, VCPU_SREG_LDTR);
 
-	update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
+	kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
 
 	/* Older userspace won't unhalt the vcpu on reset. */
 	if (kvm_vcpu_is_bsp(vcpu) && kvm_rip_read(vcpu) == 0xfff0 &&
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

[PATCH v2 14/15] KVM: x86: Move kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled() to x86.h (as an inline)

[Sean Christopherson]

Move kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled() in anticipation of extracting the majority
of register specific code out of x86.c.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c | 12 ------------
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h | 12 ++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index 1113a31978dd..e664e874973b 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -1042,18 +1042,6 @@ bool kvm_require_dr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int dr)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_require_dr);
 
-static bool __kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(u64 data)
-{
-	u64 mask = KVM_ASYNC_PF_ENABLED | KVM_ASYNC_PF_DELIVERY_AS_INT;
-
-	return (data & mask) == mask;
-}
-
-static bool kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return __kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(vcpu->arch.apf.msr_en_val);
-}
-
 static inline u64 pdptr_rsvd_bits(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	return vcpu->arch.reserved_gpa_bits | rsvd_bits(5, 8) | rsvd_bits(1, 2);
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
index bd4423e82b02..185062a26924 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
@@ -570,6 +570,18 @@ static inline bool kvm_pat_valid(u64 data)
 	return (data | ((data & 0x0202020202020202ull) << 1)) == data;
 }
 
+static inline bool __kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(u64 data)
+{
+	u64 mask = KVM_ASYNC_PF_ENABLED | KVM_ASYNC_PF_DELIVERY_AS_INT;
+
+	return (data & mask) == mask;
+}
+
+static inline bool kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return __kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(vcpu->arch.apf.msr_en_val);
+}
+
 /*
  * Trigger machine check on the host. We assume all the MSRs are already set up
  * by the CPU and that we still run on the same CPU as the MCE occurred on.
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

[PATCH v2 15/15] KVM: x86: Move the bulk of register specific code from x86.c to regs.c

[Sean Christopherson]

Introduce regs.c, and move the vast majority of register specific code out
of x86.c and into regs.c.  Deliberately leave behind MSR code (except for
EFER, which can hardly be called an MSR), as KVM's MSR support is complex
enough to warrant its own compilation unit, and doesn't have much in common
with the other register code.

No functional change intended.

Signed-off-by: Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com>
---
 arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h |   2 -
 arch/x86/kvm/Makefile           |   4 +-
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.c             | 829 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 arch/x86/kvm/regs.h             |  16 +
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.c              | 824 +------------------------------
 arch/x86/kvm/x86.h              |   2 +
 6 files changed, 856 insertions(+), 821 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 arch/x86/kvm/regs.c

diff --git a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
index 271bdd109a98..5e24987b2a94 100644
--- a/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
+++ b/arch/x86/include/asm/kvm_host.h
@@ -2326,8 +2326,6 @@ static inline int __kvm_irq_line_state(unsigned long *irq_state,
 void kvm_inject_nmi(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 int kvm_get_nr_pending_nmis(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
-void kvm_update_dr7(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
-
 bool __kvm_mmu_unprotect_gfn_and_retry(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, gpa_t cr2_or_gpa,
 				       bool always_retry);
 
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/Makefile b/arch/x86/kvm/Makefile
index 77337c37324b..f39c311fd756 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/Makefile
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/Makefile
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ ccflags-$(CONFIG_KVM_WERROR) += -Werror
 
 include $(srctree)/virt/kvm/Makefile.kvm
 
-kvm-y			+= x86.o emulate.o irq.o lapic.o cpuid.o pmu.o mtrr.o \
-			   debugfs.o mmu/mmu.o mmu/page_track.o mmu/spte.o
+kvm-y			+= x86.o emulate.o irq.o lapic.o cpuid.o pmu.o regs.o \
+			   mtrr.o debugfs.o mmu/mmu.o mmu/page_track.o mmu/spte.o
 
 kvm-$(CONFIG_X86_64) += mmu/tdp_iter.o mmu/tdp_mmu.o
 kvm-$(CONFIG_KVM_IOAPIC) += i8259.o i8254.o ioapic.o
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.c b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ee8a97c31d78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,829 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+#include <linux/kvm_host.h>
+
+#include "lapic.h"
+#include "mmu.h"
+#include "regs.h"
+
+static void __get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
+{
+	if (vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu) {
+		/*
+		 * We are here if userspace calls get_regs() in the middle of
+		 * instruction emulation. Registers state needs to be copied
+		 * back from emulation context to vcpu. Userspace shouldn't do
+		 * that usually, but some bad designed PV devices (vmware
+		 * backdoor interface) need this to work
+		 */
+		emulator_writeback_register_cache(vcpu->arch.emulate_ctxt);
+		vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu = false;
+	}
+	regs->rax = kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rbx = kvm_rbx_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rcx = kvm_rcx_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rdx = kvm_rdx_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rsi = kvm_rsi_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rdi = kvm_rdi_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->rsp = kvm_rsp_read(vcpu);
+	regs->rbp = kvm_rbp_read_raw(vcpu);
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	regs->r8 = kvm_r8_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r9 = kvm_r9_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r10 = kvm_r10_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r11 = kvm_r11_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r12 = kvm_r12_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r13 = kvm_r13_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r14 = kvm_r14_read_raw(vcpu);
+	regs->r15 = kvm_r15_read_raw(vcpu);
+#endif
+
+	regs->rip = kvm_rip_read(vcpu);
+	regs->rflags = kvm_get_rflags(vcpu);
+}
+
+int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
+{
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
+	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	vcpu_load(vcpu);
+	__get_regs(vcpu, regs);
+	vcpu_put(vcpu);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void __set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
+{
+	vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_from_vcpu = true;
+	vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu = false;
+
+	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rax);
+	kvm_rbx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rbx);
+	kvm_rcx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rcx);
+	kvm_rdx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rdx);
+	kvm_rsi_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rsi);
+	kvm_rdi_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rdi);
+	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, regs->rsp);
+	kvm_rbp_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rbp);
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	kvm_r8_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r8);
+	kvm_r9_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r9);
+	kvm_r10_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r10);
+	kvm_r11_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r11);
+	kvm_r12_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r12);
+	kvm_r13_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r13);
+	kvm_r14_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r14);
+	kvm_r15_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r15);
+#endif
+
+	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, regs->rip);
+	kvm_set_rflags(vcpu, regs->rflags | X86_EFLAGS_FIXED);
+
+	vcpu->arch.exception.pending = false;
+	vcpu->arch.exception_vmexit.pending = false;
+
+	kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_EVENT, vcpu);
+}
+
+int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
+{
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
+	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	vcpu_load(vcpu);
+	__set_regs(vcpu, regs);
+	vcpu_put(vcpu);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline u64 pdptr_rsvd_bits(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	return vcpu->arch.reserved_gpa_bits | rsvd_bits(5, 8) | rsvd_bits(1, 2);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Load the pae pdptrs.  Return 1 if they are all valid, 0 otherwise.
+ */
+int load_pdptrs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr3)
+{
+	struct kvm_mmu *mmu = vcpu->arch.walk_mmu;
+	gfn_t pdpt_gfn = cr3 >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+	gpa_t real_gpa;
+	int i;
+	int ret;
+	u64 pdpte[ARRAY_SIZE(mmu->pdptrs)];
+
+	/*
+	 * If the MMU is nested, CR3 holds an L2 GPA and needs to be translated
+	 * to an L1 GPA.
+	 */
+	real_gpa = kvm_translate_gpa(vcpu, mmu, gfn_to_gpa(pdpt_gfn),
+				     PFERR_USER_MASK | PFERR_WRITE_MASK |
+				     PFERR_GUEST_PAGE_MASK, NULL, 0);
+	if (real_gpa == INVALID_GPA)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Note the offset, PDPTRs are 32 byte aligned when using PAE paging. */
+	ret = kvm_vcpu_read_guest_page(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(real_gpa), pdpte,
+				       cr3 & GENMASK(11, 5), sizeof(pdpte));
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pdpte); ++i) {
+		if ((pdpte[i] & PT_PRESENT_MASK) &&
+		    (pdpte[i] & pdptr_rsvd_bits(vcpu))) {
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Marking VCPU_REG_PDPTR dirty doesn't work for !tdp_enabled.
+	 * Shadow page roots need to be reconstructed instead.
+	 */
+	if (!tdp_enabled && memcmp(mmu->pdptrs, pdpte, sizeof(mmu->pdptrs)))
+		kvm_mmu_free_roots(vcpu->kvm, mmu, KVM_MMU_ROOT_CURRENT);
+
+	memcpy(mmu->pdptrs, pdpte, sizeof(mmu->pdptrs));
+	kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_PDPTR);
+	kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_LOAD_MMU_PGD, vcpu);
+	vcpu->arch.pdptrs_from_userspace = false;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(load_pdptrs);
+
+static bool kvm_is_valid_cr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr0)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	if (cr0 & 0xffffffff00000000UL)
+		return false;
+#endif
+
+	if ((cr0 & X86_CR0_NW) && !(cr0 & X86_CR0_CD))
+		return false;
+
+	if ((cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) && !(cr0 & X86_CR0_PE))
+		return false;
+
+	return kvm_x86_call(is_valid_cr0)(vcpu, cr0);
+}
+
+void kvm_post_set_cr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long old_cr0, unsigned long cr0)
+{
+	/*
+	 * CR0.WP is incorporated into the MMU role, but only for non-nested,
+	 * indirect shadow MMUs.  If paging is disabled, no updates are needed
+	 * as there are no permission bits to emulate.  If TDP is enabled, the
+	 * MMU's metadata needs to be updated, e.g. so that emulating guest
+	 * translations does the right thing, but there's no need to unload the
+	 * root as CR0.WP doesn't affect SPTEs.
+	 */
+	if ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) == X86_CR0_WP) {
+		if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_PG))
+			return;
+
+		if (tdp_enabled) {
+			kvm_init_mmu(vcpu);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) & X86_CR0_PG) {
+		/*
+		 * Clearing CR0.PG is defined to flush the TLB from the guest's
+		 * perspective.
+		 */
+		if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_PG))
+			kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
+		/*
+		 * Check for async #PF completion events when enabling paging,
+		 * as the vCPU may have previously encountered async #PFs (it's
+		 * entirely legal for the guest to toggle paging on/off without
+		 * waiting for the async #PF queue to drain).
+		 */
+		else if (kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(vcpu))
+			kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_APF_READY, vcpu);
+	}
+
+	if ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) & KVM_MMU_CR0_ROLE_BITS)
+		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_post_set_cr0);
+
+int kvm_set_cr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr0)
+{
+	unsigned long old_cr0 = kvm_read_cr0(vcpu);
+
+	if (!kvm_is_valid_cr0(vcpu, cr0))
+		return 1;
+
+	cr0 |= X86_CR0_ET;
+
+	/* Write to CR0 reserved bits are ignored, even on Intel. */
+	cr0 &= ~CR0_RESERVED_BITS;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	if ((vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LME) && !is_paging(vcpu) &&
+	    (cr0 & X86_CR0_PG)) {
+		int cs_db, cs_l;
+
+		if (!is_pae(vcpu))
+			return 1;
+		kvm_x86_call(get_cs_db_l_bits)(vcpu, &cs_db, &cs_l);
+		if (cs_l)
+			return 1;
+	}
+#endif
+	if (!(vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LME) && (cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) &&
+	    is_pae(vcpu) && ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) & X86_CR0_PDPTR_BITS) &&
+	    !load_pdptrs(vcpu, kvm_read_cr3(vcpu)))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) &&
+	    (is_64_bit_mode(vcpu) || kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PCIDE)))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_WP) && kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_CET))
+		return 1;
+
+	kvm_x86_call(set_cr0)(vcpu, cr0);
+
+	kvm_post_set_cr0(vcpu, old_cr0, cr0);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr0);
+
+void kvm_lmsw(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long msw)
+{
+	(void)kvm_set_cr0(vcpu, kvm_read_cr0_bits(vcpu, ~0x0eul) | (msw & 0x0f));
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_lmsw);
+
+int kvm_set_cr3(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr3)
+{
+	bool skip_tlb_flush = false;
+	unsigned long pcid = 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
+	if (kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PCIDE)) {
+		skip_tlb_flush = cr3 & X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH;
+		cr3 &= ~X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH;
+		pcid = cr3 & X86_CR3_PCID_MASK;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	/* PDPTRs are always reloaded for PAE paging. */
+	if (cr3 == kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) && !is_pae_paging(vcpu))
+		goto handle_tlb_flush;
+
+	/*
+	 * Do not condition the GPA check on long mode, this helper is used to
+	 * stuff CR3, e.g. for RSM emulation, and there is no guarantee that
+	 * the current vCPU mode is accurate.
+	 */
+	if (!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_cr3(vcpu, cr3))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (is_pae_paging(vcpu) && !load_pdptrs(vcpu, cr3))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (cr3 != kvm_read_cr3(vcpu))
+		kvm_mmu_new_pgd(vcpu, cr3);
+
+	vcpu->arch.cr3 = cr3;
+	kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_CR3);
+	/* Do not call post_set_cr3, we do not get here for confidential guests.  */
+
+handle_tlb_flush:
+	/*
+	 * A load of CR3 that flushes the TLB flushes only the current PCID,
+	 * even if PCID is disabled, in which case PCID=0 is flushed.  It's a
+	 * moot point in the end because _disabling_ PCID will flush all PCIDs,
+	 * and it's impossible to use a non-zero PCID when PCID is disabled,
+	 * i.e. only PCID=0 can be relevant.
+	 */
+	if (!skip_tlb_flush)
+		kvm_invalidate_pcid(vcpu, pcid);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr3);
+
+static bool kvm_is_valid_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
+{
+	return __kvm_is_valid_cr4(vcpu, cr4) &&
+	       kvm_x86_call(is_valid_cr4)(vcpu, cr4);
+}
+
+void kvm_post_set_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long old_cr4, unsigned long cr4)
+{
+	if ((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & KVM_MMU_CR4_ROLE_BITS)
+		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
+
+	/*
+	 * If CR4.PCIDE is changed 0 -> 1, there is no need to flush the TLB
+	 * according to the SDM; however, stale prev_roots could be reused
+	 * incorrectly in the future after a MOV to CR3 with NOFLUSH=1, so we
+	 * free them all.  This is *not* a superset of KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST
+	 * or KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT, because the hardware TLB is not flushed,
+	 * so fall through.
+	 */
+	if (!tdp_enabled &&
+	    (cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE) && !(old_cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE))
+		kvm_mmu_unload(vcpu);
+
+	/*
+	 * The TLB has to be flushed for all PCIDs if any of the following
+	 * (architecturally required) changes happen:
+	 * - CR4.PCIDE is changed from 1 to 0
+	 * - CR4.PGE is toggled
+	 *
+	 * This is a superset of KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT.
+	 */
+	if (((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_PGE) ||
+	    (!(cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE) && (old_cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE)))
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
+
+	/*
+	 * The TLB has to be flushed for the current PCID if any of the
+	 * following (architecturally required) changes happen:
+	 * - CR4.SMEP is changed from 0 to 1
+	 * - CR4.PAE is toggled
+	 */
+	else if (((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_PAE) ||
+		 ((cr4 & X86_CR4_SMEP) && !(old_cr4 & X86_CR4_SMEP)))
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT, vcpu);
+
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_post_set_cr4);
+
+int kvm_set_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
+{
+	unsigned long old_cr4 = kvm_read_cr4(vcpu);
+
+	if (!kvm_is_valid_cr4(vcpu, cr4))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (is_long_mode(vcpu)) {
+		if (!(cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE))
+			return 1;
+		if ((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_LA57)
+			return 1;
+	} else if (is_paging(vcpu) && (cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE)
+		   && ((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_PDPTR_BITS)
+		   && !load_pdptrs(vcpu, kvm_read_cr3(vcpu)))
+		return 1;
+
+	if ((cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE) && !(old_cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE)) {
+		/* PCID can not be enabled when cr3[11:0]!=000H or EFER.LMA=0 */
+		if ((kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) & X86_CR3_PCID_MASK) || !is_long_mode(vcpu))
+			return 1;
+	}
+
+	if ((cr4 & X86_CR4_CET) && !kvm_is_cr0_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR0_WP))
+		return 1;
+
+	kvm_x86_call(set_cr4)(vcpu, cr4);
+
+	kvm_post_set_cr4(vcpu, old_cr4, cr4);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr4);
+
+int kvm_set_cr8(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr8)
+{
+	if (cr8 & CR8_RESERVED_BITS)
+		return 1;
+	if (lapic_in_kernel(vcpu))
+		kvm_lapic_set_tpr(vcpu, cr8);
+	else
+		vcpu->arch.cr8 = cr8;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr8);
+
+unsigned long kvm_get_cr8(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	if (lapic_in_kernel(vcpu))
+		return kvm_lapic_get_cr8(vcpu);
+	else
+		return vcpu->arch.cr8;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_get_cr8);
+
+static void __get_sregs_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
+{
+	struct desc_ptr dt;
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		goto skip_protected_regs;
+
+	kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(vcpu);
+
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->cs, VCPU_SREG_CS);
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ds, VCPU_SREG_DS);
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->es, VCPU_SREG_ES);
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->fs, VCPU_SREG_FS);
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->gs, VCPU_SREG_GS);
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ss, VCPU_SREG_SS);
+
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->tr, VCPU_SREG_TR);
+	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ldt, VCPU_SREG_LDTR);
+
+	kvm_x86_call(get_idt)(vcpu, &dt);
+	sregs->idt.limit = dt.size;
+	sregs->idt.base = dt.address;
+	kvm_x86_call(get_gdt)(vcpu, &dt);
+	sregs->gdt.limit = dt.size;
+	sregs->gdt.base = dt.address;
+
+	sregs->cr2 = vcpu->arch.cr2;
+	sregs->cr3 = kvm_read_cr3(vcpu);
+
+skip_protected_regs:
+	sregs->cr0 = kvm_read_cr0(vcpu);
+	sregs->cr4 = kvm_read_cr4(vcpu);
+	sregs->cr8 = kvm_get_cr8(vcpu);
+	sregs->efer = vcpu->arch.efer;
+	sregs->apic_base = vcpu->arch.apic_base;
+}
+
+static void __get_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
+{
+	__get_sregs_common(vcpu, sregs);
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return;
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.interrupt.injected && !vcpu->arch.interrupt.soft)
+		set_bit(vcpu->arch.interrupt.nr,
+			(unsigned long *)sregs->interrupt_bitmap);
+}
+
+int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_get_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				  struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
+{
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
+	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	vcpu_load(vcpu);
+	__get_sregs(vcpu, sregs);
+	vcpu_put(vcpu);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void kvm_x86_vcpu_ioctl_get_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				   struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	__get_sregs_common(vcpu, (struct kvm_sregs *)sregs2);
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return;
+
+	if (is_pae_paging(vcpu)) {
+		kvm_vcpu_srcu_read_lock(vcpu);
+		for (i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++)
+			sregs2->pdptrs[i] = kvm_pdptr_read(vcpu, i);
+		sregs2->flags |= KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID;
+		kvm_vcpu_srcu_read_unlock(vcpu);
+	}
+}
+
+static bool kvm_is_valid_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
+{
+	if ((sregs->efer & EFER_LME) && (sregs->cr0 & X86_CR0_PG)) {
+		/*
+		 * When EFER.LME and CR0.PG are set, the processor is in
+		 * 64-bit mode (though maybe in a 32-bit code segment).
+		 * CR4.PAE and EFER.LMA must be set.
+		 */
+		if (!(sregs->cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE) || !(sregs->efer & EFER_LMA))
+			return false;
+		if (!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_cr3(vcpu, sregs->cr3))
+			return false;
+	} else {
+		/*
+		 * Not in 64-bit mode: EFER.LMA is clear and the code
+		 * segment cannot be 64-bit.
+		 */
+		if (sregs->efer & EFER_LMA || sregs->cs.l)
+			return false;
+	}
+
+	return kvm_is_valid_cr4(vcpu, sregs->cr4) &&
+	       kvm_is_valid_cr0(vcpu, sregs->cr0);
+}
+
+static int __set_sregs_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs,
+			      int *mmu_reset_needed, bool update_pdptrs)
+{
+	int idx;
+	struct desc_ptr dt;
+
+	if (!kvm_is_valid_sregs(vcpu, sregs))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (kvm_apic_set_base(vcpu, sregs->apic_base, true))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return 0;
+
+	dt.size = sregs->idt.limit;
+	dt.address = sregs->idt.base;
+	kvm_x86_call(set_idt)(vcpu, &dt);
+	dt.size = sregs->gdt.limit;
+	dt.address = sregs->gdt.base;
+	kvm_x86_call(set_gdt)(vcpu, &dt);
+
+	vcpu->arch.cr2 = sregs->cr2;
+	*mmu_reset_needed |= kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) != sregs->cr3;
+	vcpu->arch.cr3 = sregs->cr3;
+	kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_CR3);
+	kvm_x86_call(post_set_cr3)(vcpu, sregs->cr3);
+
+	kvm_set_cr8(vcpu, sregs->cr8);
+
+	*mmu_reset_needed |= vcpu->arch.efer != sregs->efer;
+	kvm_x86_call(set_efer)(vcpu, sregs->efer);
+
+	*mmu_reset_needed |= kvm_read_cr0(vcpu) != sregs->cr0;
+	kvm_x86_call(set_cr0)(vcpu, sregs->cr0);
+
+	*mmu_reset_needed |= kvm_read_cr4(vcpu) != sregs->cr4;
+	kvm_x86_call(set_cr4)(vcpu, sregs->cr4);
+
+	if (update_pdptrs) {
+		idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
+		if (is_pae_paging(vcpu)) {
+			load_pdptrs(vcpu, kvm_read_cr3(vcpu));
+			*mmu_reset_needed = 1;
+		}
+		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, idx);
+	}
+
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->cs, VCPU_SREG_CS);
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ds, VCPU_SREG_DS);
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->es, VCPU_SREG_ES);
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->fs, VCPU_SREG_FS);
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->gs, VCPU_SREG_GS);
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ss, VCPU_SREG_SS);
+
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->tr, VCPU_SREG_TR);
+	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ldt, VCPU_SREG_LDTR);
+
+	kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
+
+	/* Older userspace won't unhalt the vcpu on reset. */
+	if (kvm_vcpu_is_bsp(vcpu) && kvm_rip_read(vcpu) == 0xfff0 &&
+	    sregs->cs.selector == 0xf000 && sregs->cs.base == 0xffff0000 &&
+	    !is_protmode(vcpu))
+		kvm_set_mp_state(vcpu, KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int __set_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
+{
+	int pending_vec, max_bits;
+	int mmu_reset_needed = 0;
+	int ret = __set_sregs_common(vcpu, sregs, &mmu_reset_needed, true);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (mmu_reset_needed) {
+		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
+	}
+
+	max_bits = KVM_NR_INTERRUPTS;
+	pending_vec = find_first_bit(
+		(const unsigned long *)sregs->interrupt_bitmap, max_bits);
+
+	if (pending_vec < max_bits) {
+		kvm_queue_interrupt(vcpu, pending_vec, false);
+		pr_debug("Set back pending irq %d\n", pending_vec);
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_EVENT, vcpu);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_set_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				  struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
+{
+	int ret;
+
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
+	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	vcpu_load(vcpu);
+	ret = __set_sregs(vcpu, sregs);
+	vcpu_put(vcpu);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int kvm_x86_vcpu_ioctl_set_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				  struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2)
+{
+	int mmu_reset_needed = 0;
+	bool valid_pdptrs = sregs2->flags & KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID;
+	bool pae = (sregs2->cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) && (sregs2->cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE) &&
+		!(sregs2->efer & EFER_LMA);
+	int i, ret;
+
+	if (sregs2->flags & ~KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (valid_pdptrs && (!pae || vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	ret = __set_sregs_common(vcpu, (struct kvm_sregs *)sregs2,
+				 &mmu_reset_needed, !valid_pdptrs);
+	if (ret)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (valid_pdptrs) {
+		for (i = 0; i < 4 ; i++)
+			kvm_pdptr_write(vcpu, i, sregs2->pdptrs[i]);
+
+		kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_PDPTR);
+		mmu_reset_needed = 1;
+		vcpu->arch.pdptrs_from_userspace = true;
+	}
+	if (mmu_reset_needed) {
+		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
+		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void kvm_run_get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct kvm_sync_regs) > SYNC_REGS_SIZE_BYTES);
+
+	if (vcpu->run->kvm_valid_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS)
+		__get_regs(vcpu, &vcpu->run->s.regs.regs);
+
+	if (vcpu->run->kvm_valid_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS)
+		__get_sregs(vcpu, &vcpu->run->s.regs.sregs);
+}
+
+int kvm_run_set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	if (vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS) {
+		__set_regs(vcpu, &vcpu->run->s.regs.regs);
+		vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs &= ~KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS;
+	}
+
+	if (vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS) {
+		struct kvm_sregs sregs = vcpu->run->s.regs.sregs;
+
+		if (__set_sregs(vcpu, &sregs))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs &= ~KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void kvm_update_dr0123(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!(vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP)) {
+		for (i = 0; i < KVM_NR_DB_REGS; i++)
+			vcpu->arch.eff_db[i] = vcpu->arch.db[i];
+	}
+}
+
+void kvm_update_dr7(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	unsigned long dr7;
+
+	if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP)
+		dr7 = vcpu->arch.guest_debug_dr7;
+	else
+		dr7 = vcpu->arch.dr7;
+	kvm_x86_call(set_dr7)(vcpu, dr7);
+	vcpu->arch.switch_db_regs &= ~KVM_DEBUGREG_BP_ENABLED;
+	if (dr7 & DR7_BP_EN_MASK)
+		vcpu->arch.switch_db_regs |= KVM_DEBUGREG_BP_ENABLED;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_update_dr7);
+
+static u64 kvm_dr6_fixed(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+	u64 fixed = DR6_FIXED_1;
+
+	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_RTM))
+		fixed |= DR6_RTM;
+
+	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_BUS_LOCK_DETECT))
+		fixed |= DR6_BUS_LOCK;
+	return fixed;
+}
+
+int kvm_set_dr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int dr, unsigned long val)
+{
+	size_t size = ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db);
+
+	switch (dr) {
+	case 0 ... 3:
+		vcpu->arch.db[array_index_nospec(dr, size)] = val;
+		if (!(vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP))
+			vcpu->arch.eff_db[dr] = val;
+		break;
+	case 4:
+	case 6:
+		if (!kvm_dr6_valid(val))
+			return 1; /* #GP */
+		vcpu->arch.dr6 = (val & DR6_VOLATILE) | kvm_dr6_fixed(vcpu);
+		break;
+	case 5:
+	default: /* 7 */
+		if (!kvm_dr7_valid(val))
+			return 1; /* #GP */
+		vcpu->arch.dr7 = (val & DR7_VOLATILE) | DR7_FIXED_1;
+		kvm_update_dr7(vcpu);
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_dr);
+
+unsigned long kvm_get_dr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int dr)
+{
+	size_t size = ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db);
+
+	switch (dr) {
+	case 0 ... 3:
+		return vcpu->arch.db[array_index_nospec(dr, size)];
+	case 4:
+	case 6:
+		return vcpu->arch.dr6;
+	case 5:
+	default: /* 7 */
+		return vcpu->arch.dr7;
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_get_dr);
+
+int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_get_debugregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				     struct kvm_debugregs *dbgregs)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
+	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(vcpu);
+
+	memset(dbgregs, 0, sizeof(*dbgregs));
+
+	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db) != ARRAY_SIZE(dbgregs->db));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db); i++)
+		dbgregs->db[i] = vcpu->arch.db[i];
+
+	dbgregs->dr6 = vcpu->arch.dr6;
+	dbgregs->dr7 = vcpu->arch.dr7;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_set_debugregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				     struct kvm_debugregs *dbgregs)
+{
+	unsigned int i;
+
+	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
+	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (dbgregs->flags)
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	if (!kvm_dr6_valid(dbgregs->dr6))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (!kvm_dr7_valid(dbgregs->dr7))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db); i++)
+		vcpu->arch.db[i] = dbgregs->db[i];
+
+	kvm_update_dr0123(vcpu);
+	vcpu->arch.dr6 = dbgregs->dr6;
+	vcpu->arch.dr7 = dbgregs->dr7;
+	kvm_update_dr7(vcpu);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
index d4d2a47a4968..875a1b66d67a 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/regs.h
@@ -401,4 +401,20 @@ static inline bool is_guest_mode(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return vcpu->arch.hflags & HF_GUEST_MASK;
 }
 
+void kvm_x86_vcpu_ioctl_get_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				   struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2);
+int kvm_x86_vcpu_ioctl_set_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				  struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2);
+
+void kvm_run_get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+int kvm_run_set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+
+void kvm_update_dr0123(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+void kvm_update_dr7(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_get_debugregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				     struct kvm_debugregs *dbgregs);
+int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_set_debugregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+				     struct kvm_debugregs *dbgregs);
+
+
 #endif
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
index e664e874973b..4ba1e329ac68 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.c
@@ -134,9 +134,6 @@ static void store_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 static int sync_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 static int kvm_vcpu_do_singlestep(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
-static int __set_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2);
-static void __get_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2);
-
 static DEFINE_MUTEX(vendor_module_lock);
 static void kvm_load_guest_fpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 static void kvm_put_guest_fpu(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
@@ -1042,170 +1039,6 @@ bool kvm_require_dr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int dr)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_require_dr);
 
-static inline u64 pdptr_rsvd_bits(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	return vcpu->arch.reserved_gpa_bits | rsvd_bits(5, 8) | rsvd_bits(1, 2);
-}
-
-/*
- * Load the pae pdptrs.  Return 1 if they are all valid, 0 otherwise.
- */
-int load_pdptrs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr3)
-{
-	struct kvm_mmu *mmu = vcpu->arch.walk_mmu;
-	gfn_t pdpt_gfn = cr3 >> PAGE_SHIFT;
-	gpa_t real_gpa;
-	int i;
-	int ret;
-	u64 pdpte[ARRAY_SIZE(mmu->pdptrs)];
-
-	/*
-	 * If the MMU is nested, CR3 holds an L2 GPA and needs to be translated
-	 * to an L1 GPA.
-	 */
-	real_gpa = kvm_translate_gpa(vcpu, mmu, gfn_to_gpa(pdpt_gfn),
-				     PFERR_USER_MASK | PFERR_WRITE_MASK |
-				     PFERR_GUEST_PAGE_MASK, NULL, 0);
-	if (real_gpa == INVALID_GPA)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* Note the offset, PDPTRs are 32 byte aligned when using PAE paging. */
-	ret = kvm_vcpu_read_guest_page(vcpu, gpa_to_gfn(real_gpa), pdpte,
-				       cr3 & GENMASK(11, 5), sizeof(pdpte));
-	if (ret < 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(pdpte); ++i) {
-		if ((pdpte[i] & PT_PRESENT_MASK) &&
-		    (pdpte[i] & pdptr_rsvd_bits(vcpu))) {
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Marking VCPU_REG_PDPTR dirty doesn't work for !tdp_enabled.
-	 * Shadow page roots need to be reconstructed instead.
-	 */
-	if (!tdp_enabled && memcmp(mmu->pdptrs, pdpte, sizeof(mmu->pdptrs)))
-		kvm_mmu_free_roots(vcpu->kvm, mmu, KVM_MMU_ROOT_CURRENT);
-
-	memcpy(mmu->pdptrs, pdpte, sizeof(mmu->pdptrs));
-	kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_PDPTR);
-	kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_LOAD_MMU_PGD, vcpu);
-	vcpu->arch.pdptrs_from_userspace = false;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(load_pdptrs);
-
-static bool kvm_is_valid_cr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr0)
-{
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	if (cr0 & 0xffffffff00000000UL)
-		return false;
-#endif
-
-	if ((cr0 & X86_CR0_NW) && !(cr0 & X86_CR0_CD))
-		return false;
-
-	if ((cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) && !(cr0 & X86_CR0_PE))
-		return false;
-
-	return kvm_x86_call(is_valid_cr0)(vcpu, cr0);
-}
-
-void kvm_post_set_cr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long old_cr0, unsigned long cr0)
-{
-	/*
-	 * CR0.WP is incorporated into the MMU role, but only for non-nested,
-	 * indirect shadow MMUs.  If paging is disabled, no updates are needed
-	 * as there are no permission bits to emulate.  If TDP is enabled, the
-	 * MMU's metadata needs to be updated, e.g. so that emulating guest
-	 * translations does the right thing, but there's no need to unload the
-	 * root as CR0.WP doesn't affect SPTEs.
-	 */
-	if ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) == X86_CR0_WP) {
-		if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_PG))
-			return;
-
-		if (tdp_enabled) {
-			kvm_init_mmu(vcpu);
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) & X86_CR0_PG) {
-		/*
-		 * Clearing CR0.PG is defined to flush the TLB from the guest's
-		 * perspective.
-		 */
-		if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_PG))
-			kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
-		/*
-		 * Check for async #PF completion events when enabling paging,
-		 * as the vCPU may have previously encountered async #PFs (it's
-		 * entirely legal for the guest to toggle paging on/off without
-		 * waiting for the async #PF queue to drain).
-		 */
-		else if (kvm_pv_async_pf_enabled(vcpu))
-			kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_APF_READY, vcpu);
-	}
-
-	if ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) & KVM_MMU_CR0_ROLE_BITS)
-		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_post_set_cr0);
-
-int kvm_set_cr0(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr0)
-{
-	unsigned long old_cr0 = kvm_read_cr0(vcpu);
-
-	if (!kvm_is_valid_cr0(vcpu, cr0))
-		return 1;
-
-	cr0 |= X86_CR0_ET;
-
-	/* Write to CR0 reserved bits are ignored, even on Intel. */
-	cr0 &= ~CR0_RESERVED_BITS;
-
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	if ((vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LME) && !is_paging(vcpu) &&
-	    (cr0 & X86_CR0_PG)) {
-		int cs_db, cs_l;
-
-		if (!is_pae(vcpu))
-			return 1;
-		kvm_x86_call(get_cs_db_l_bits)(vcpu, &cs_db, &cs_l);
-		if (cs_l)
-			return 1;
-	}
-#endif
-	if (!(vcpu->arch.efer & EFER_LME) && (cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) &&
-	    is_pae(vcpu) && ((cr0 ^ old_cr0) & X86_CR0_PDPTR_BITS) &&
-	    !load_pdptrs(vcpu, kvm_read_cr3(vcpu)))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) &&
-	    (is_64_bit_mode(vcpu) || kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PCIDE)))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (!(cr0 & X86_CR0_WP) && kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_CET))
-		return 1;
-
-	kvm_x86_call(set_cr0)(vcpu, cr0);
-
-	kvm_post_set_cr0(vcpu, old_cr0, cr0);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr0);
-
-void kvm_lmsw(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long msw)
-{
-	(void)kvm_set_cr0(vcpu, kvm_read_cr0_bits(vcpu, ~0x0eul) | (msw & 0x0f));
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_lmsw);
-
 static void kvm_load_xfeatures(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, bool load_guest)
 {
 	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
@@ -1315,89 +1148,7 @@ int kvm_emulate_xsetbv(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_emulate_xsetbv);
 
-static bool kvm_is_valid_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
-{
-	return __kvm_is_valid_cr4(vcpu, cr4) &&
-	       kvm_x86_call(is_valid_cr4)(vcpu, cr4);
-}
-
-void kvm_post_set_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long old_cr4, unsigned long cr4)
-{
-	if ((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & KVM_MMU_CR4_ROLE_BITS)
-		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
-
-	/*
-	 * If CR4.PCIDE is changed 0 -> 1, there is no need to flush the TLB
-	 * according to the SDM; however, stale prev_roots could be reused
-	 * incorrectly in the future after a MOV to CR3 with NOFLUSH=1, so we
-	 * free them all.  This is *not* a superset of KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST
-	 * or KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT, because the hardware TLB is not flushed,
-	 * so fall through.
-	 */
-	if (!tdp_enabled &&
-	    (cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE) && !(old_cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE))
-		kvm_mmu_unload(vcpu);
-
-	/*
-	 * The TLB has to be flushed for all PCIDs if any of the following
-	 * (architecturally required) changes happen:
-	 * - CR4.PCIDE is changed from 1 to 0
-	 * - CR4.PGE is toggled
-	 *
-	 * This is a superset of KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT.
-	 */
-	if (((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_PGE) ||
-	    (!(cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE) && (old_cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE)))
-		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
-
-	/*
-	 * The TLB has to be flushed for the current PCID if any of the
-	 * following (architecturally required) changes happen:
-	 * - CR4.SMEP is changed from 0 to 1
-	 * - CR4.PAE is toggled
-	 */
-	else if (((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_PAE) ||
-		 ((cr4 & X86_CR4_SMEP) && !(old_cr4 & X86_CR4_SMEP)))
-		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_CURRENT, vcpu);
-
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_post_set_cr4);
-
-int kvm_set_cr4(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr4)
-{
-	unsigned long old_cr4 = kvm_read_cr4(vcpu);
-
-	if (!kvm_is_valid_cr4(vcpu, cr4))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (is_long_mode(vcpu)) {
-		if (!(cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE))
-			return 1;
-		if ((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_LA57)
-			return 1;
-	} else if (is_paging(vcpu) && (cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE)
-		   && ((cr4 ^ old_cr4) & X86_CR4_PDPTR_BITS)
-		   && !load_pdptrs(vcpu, kvm_read_cr3(vcpu)))
-		return 1;
-
-	if ((cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE) && !(old_cr4 & X86_CR4_PCIDE)) {
-		/* PCID can not be enabled when cr3[11:0]!=000H or EFER.LMA=0 */
-		if ((kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) & X86_CR3_PCID_MASK) || !is_long_mode(vcpu))
-			return 1;
-	}
-
-	if ((cr4 & X86_CR4_CET) && !kvm_is_cr0_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR0_WP))
-		return 1;
-
-	kvm_x86_call(set_cr4)(vcpu, cr4);
-
-	kvm_post_set_cr4(vcpu, old_cr4, cr4);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr4);
-
-static void kvm_invalidate_pcid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long pcid)
+void kvm_invalidate_pcid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long pcid)
 {
 	struct kvm_mmu *mmu = vcpu->arch.mmu;
 	unsigned long roots_to_free = 0;
@@ -1440,159 +1191,6 @@ static void kvm_invalidate_pcid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long pcid)
 	kvm_mmu_free_roots(vcpu->kvm, mmu, roots_to_free);
 }
 
-int kvm_set_cr3(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr3)
-{
-	bool skip_tlb_flush = false;
-	unsigned long pcid = 0;
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	if (kvm_is_cr4_bit_set(vcpu, X86_CR4_PCIDE)) {
-		skip_tlb_flush = cr3 & X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH;
-		cr3 &= ~X86_CR3_PCID_NOFLUSH;
-		pcid = cr3 & X86_CR3_PCID_MASK;
-	}
-#endif
-
-	/* PDPTRs are always reloaded for PAE paging. */
-	if (cr3 == kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) && !is_pae_paging(vcpu))
-		goto handle_tlb_flush;
-
-	/*
-	 * Do not condition the GPA check on long mode, this helper is used to
-	 * stuff CR3, e.g. for RSM emulation, and there is no guarantee that
-	 * the current vCPU mode is accurate.
-	 */
-	if (!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_cr3(vcpu, cr3))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (is_pae_paging(vcpu) && !load_pdptrs(vcpu, cr3))
-		return 1;
-
-	if (cr3 != kvm_read_cr3(vcpu))
-		kvm_mmu_new_pgd(vcpu, cr3);
-
-	vcpu->arch.cr3 = cr3;
-	kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_CR3);
-	/* Do not call post_set_cr3, we do not get here for confidential guests.  */
-
-handle_tlb_flush:
-	/*
-	 * A load of CR3 that flushes the TLB flushes only the current PCID,
-	 * even if PCID is disabled, in which case PCID=0 is flushed.  It's a
-	 * moot point in the end because _disabling_ PCID will flush all PCIDs,
-	 * and it's impossible to use a non-zero PCID when PCID is disabled,
-	 * i.e. only PCID=0 can be relevant.
-	 */
-	if (!skip_tlb_flush)
-		kvm_invalidate_pcid(vcpu, pcid);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr3);
-
-int kvm_set_cr8(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long cr8)
-{
-	if (cr8 & CR8_RESERVED_BITS)
-		return 1;
-	if (lapic_in_kernel(vcpu))
-		kvm_lapic_set_tpr(vcpu, cr8);
-	else
-		vcpu->arch.cr8 = cr8;
-	return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_cr8);
-
-unsigned long kvm_get_cr8(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	if (lapic_in_kernel(vcpu))
-		return kvm_lapic_get_cr8(vcpu);
-	else
-		return vcpu->arch.cr8;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_get_cr8);
-
-static void kvm_update_dr0123(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	if (!(vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP)) {
-		for (i = 0; i < KVM_NR_DB_REGS; i++)
-			vcpu->arch.eff_db[i] = vcpu->arch.db[i];
-	}
-}
-
-void kvm_update_dr7(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	unsigned long dr7;
-
-	if (vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP)
-		dr7 = vcpu->arch.guest_debug_dr7;
-	else
-		dr7 = vcpu->arch.dr7;
-	kvm_x86_call(set_dr7)(vcpu, dr7);
-	vcpu->arch.switch_db_regs &= ~KVM_DEBUGREG_BP_ENABLED;
-	if (dr7 & DR7_BP_EN_MASK)
-		vcpu->arch.switch_db_regs |= KVM_DEBUGREG_BP_ENABLED;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_update_dr7);
-
-static u64 kvm_dr6_fixed(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
-{
-	u64 fixed = DR6_FIXED_1;
-
-	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_RTM))
-		fixed |= DR6_RTM;
-
-	if (!guest_cpu_cap_has(vcpu, X86_FEATURE_BUS_LOCK_DETECT))
-		fixed |= DR6_BUS_LOCK;
-	return fixed;
-}
-
-int kvm_set_dr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int dr, unsigned long val)
-{
-	size_t size = ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db);
-
-	switch (dr) {
-	case 0 ... 3:
-		vcpu->arch.db[array_index_nospec(dr, size)] = val;
-		if (!(vcpu->guest_debug & KVM_GUESTDBG_USE_HW_BP))
-			vcpu->arch.eff_db[dr] = val;
-		break;
-	case 4:
-	case 6:
-		if (!kvm_dr6_valid(val))
-			return 1; /* #GP */
-		vcpu->arch.dr6 = (val & DR6_VOLATILE) | kvm_dr6_fixed(vcpu);
-		break;
-	case 5:
-	default: /* 7 */
-		if (!kvm_dr7_valid(val))
-			return 1; /* #GP */
-		vcpu->arch.dr7 = (val & DR7_VOLATILE) | DR7_FIXED_1;
-		kvm_update_dr7(vcpu);
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_set_dr);
-
-unsigned long kvm_get_dr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int dr)
-{
-	size_t size = ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db);
-
-	switch (dr) {
-	case 0 ... 3:
-		return vcpu->arch.db[array_index_nospec(dr, size)];
-	case 4:
-	case 6:
-		return vcpu->arch.dr6;
-	case 5:
-	default: /* 7 */
-		return vcpu->arch.dr7;
-	}
-}
-EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_get_dr);
-
 int kvm_emulate_rdpmc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	u32 pmc = kvm_ecx_read(vcpu);
@@ -5544,7 +5142,7 @@ static struct kvm_queued_exception *kvm_get_exception_to_save(struct kvm_vcpu *v
 	return &vcpu->arch.exception;
 }
 
-static void kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+void kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	struct kvm_queued_exception *ex = kvm_get_exception_to_save(vcpu);
 
@@ -5748,57 +5346,6 @@ static int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_set_vcpu_events(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_get_debugregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-					    struct kvm_debugregs *dbgregs)
-{
-	unsigned int i;
-
-	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
-	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(vcpu);
-
-	memset(dbgregs, 0, sizeof(*dbgregs));
-
-	BUILD_BUG_ON(ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db) != ARRAY_SIZE(dbgregs->db));
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db); i++)
-		dbgregs->db[i] = vcpu->arch.db[i];
-
-	dbgregs->dr6 = vcpu->arch.dr6;
-	dbgregs->dr7 = vcpu->arch.dr7;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_set_debugregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-					    struct kvm_debugregs *dbgregs)
-{
-	unsigned int i;
-
-	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
-	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (dbgregs->flags)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (!kvm_dr6_valid(dbgregs->dr6))
-		return -EINVAL;
-	if (!kvm_dr7_valid(dbgregs->dr7))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(vcpu->arch.db); i++)
-		vcpu->arch.db[i] = dbgregs->db[i];
-
-	kvm_update_dr0123(vcpu);
-	vcpu->arch.dr6 = dbgregs->dr6;
-	vcpu->arch.dr7 = dbgregs->dr7;
-	kvm_update_dr7(vcpu);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
 static int kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_get_xsave2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 					 u8 *state, unsigned int size)
 {
@@ -6635,7 +6182,7 @@ long kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl(struct file *filp,
 		r = -ENOMEM;
 		if (!u.sregs2)
 			goto out;
-		__get_sregs2(vcpu, u.sregs2);
+		kvm_x86_vcpu_ioctl_get_sregs2(vcpu, u.sregs2);
 		r = -EFAULT;
 		if (copy_to_user(argp, u.sregs2, sizeof(struct kvm_sregs2)))
 			goto out;
@@ -6654,7 +6201,7 @@ long kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl(struct file *filp,
 			u.sregs2 = NULL;
 			goto out;
 		}
-		r = __set_sregs2(vcpu, u.sregs2);
+		r = kvm_x86_vcpu_ioctl_set_sregs2(vcpu, u.sregs2);
 		break;
 	}
 	case KVM_HAS_DEVICE_ATTR:
@@ -12081,179 +11628,6 @@ int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_run(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 	return r;
 }
 
-static void __get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
-{
-	if (vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu) {
-		/*
-		 * We are here if userspace calls get_regs() in the middle of
-		 * instruction emulation. Registers state needs to be copied
-		 * back from emulation context to vcpu. Userspace shouldn't do
-		 * that usually, but some bad designed PV devices (vmware
-		 * backdoor interface) need this to work
-		 */
-		emulator_writeback_register_cache(vcpu->arch.emulate_ctxt);
-		vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu = false;
-	}
-	regs->rax = kvm_rax_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->rbx = kvm_rbx_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->rcx = kvm_rcx_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->rdx = kvm_rdx_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->rsi = kvm_rsi_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->rdi = kvm_rdi_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->rsp = kvm_rsp_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rbp = kvm_rbp_read_raw(vcpu);
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	regs->r8 = kvm_r8_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r9 = kvm_r9_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r10 = kvm_r10_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r11 = kvm_r11_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r12 = kvm_r12_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r13 = kvm_r13_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r14 = kvm_r14_read_raw(vcpu);
-	regs->r15 = kvm_r15_read_raw(vcpu);
-#endif
-
-	regs->rip = kvm_rip_read(vcpu);
-	regs->rflags = kvm_get_rflags(vcpu);
-}
-
-int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_get_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
-{
-	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
-	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	vcpu_load(vcpu);
-	__get_regs(vcpu, regs);
-	vcpu_put(vcpu);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
-{
-	vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_from_vcpu = true;
-	vcpu->arch.emulate_regs_need_sync_to_vcpu = false;
-
-	kvm_rax_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rax);
-	kvm_rbx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rbx);
-	kvm_rcx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rcx);
-	kvm_rdx_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rdx);
-	kvm_rsi_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rsi);
-	kvm_rdi_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rdi);
-	kvm_rsp_write(vcpu, regs->rsp);
-	kvm_rbp_write_raw(vcpu, regs->rbp);
-#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64
-	kvm_r8_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r8);
-	kvm_r9_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r9);
-	kvm_r10_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r10);
-	kvm_r11_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r11);
-	kvm_r12_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r12);
-	kvm_r13_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r13);
-	kvm_r14_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r14);
-	kvm_r15_write_raw(vcpu, regs->r15);
-#endif
-
-	kvm_rip_write(vcpu, regs->rip);
-	kvm_set_rflags(vcpu, regs->rflags | X86_EFLAGS_FIXED);
-
-	vcpu->arch.exception.pending = false;
-	vcpu->arch.exception_vmexit.pending = false;
-
-	kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_EVENT, vcpu);
-}
-
-int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_set_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_regs *regs)
-{
-	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
-	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	vcpu_load(vcpu);
-	__set_regs(vcpu, regs);
-	vcpu_put(vcpu);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void __get_sregs_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
-{
-	struct desc_ptr dt;
-
-	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		goto skip_protected_regs;
-
-	kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(vcpu);
-
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->cs, VCPU_SREG_CS);
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ds, VCPU_SREG_DS);
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->es, VCPU_SREG_ES);
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->fs, VCPU_SREG_FS);
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->gs, VCPU_SREG_GS);
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ss, VCPU_SREG_SS);
-
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->tr, VCPU_SREG_TR);
-	kvm_get_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ldt, VCPU_SREG_LDTR);
-
-	kvm_x86_call(get_idt)(vcpu, &dt);
-	sregs->idt.limit = dt.size;
-	sregs->idt.base = dt.address;
-	kvm_x86_call(get_gdt)(vcpu, &dt);
-	sregs->gdt.limit = dt.size;
-	sregs->gdt.base = dt.address;
-
-	sregs->cr2 = vcpu->arch.cr2;
-	sregs->cr3 = kvm_read_cr3(vcpu);
-
-skip_protected_regs:
-	sregs->cr0 = kvm_read_cr0(vcpu);
-	sregs->cr4 = kvm_read_cr4(vcpu);
-	sregs->cr8 = kvm_get_cr8(vcpu);
-	sregs->efer = vcpu->arch.efer;
-	sregs->apic_base = vcpu->arch.apic_base;
-}
-
-static void __get_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
-{
-	__get_sregs_common(vcpu, sregs);
-
-	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return;
-
-	if (vcpu->arch.interrupt.injected && !vcpu->arch.interrupt.soft)
-		set_bit(vcpu->arch.interrupt.nr,
-			(unsigned long *)sregs->interrupt_bitmap);
-}
-
-static void __get_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	__get_sregs_common(vcpu, (struct kvm_sregs *)sregs2);
-
-	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return;
-
-	if (is_pae_paging(vcpu)) {
-		kvm_vcpu_srcu_read_lock(vcpu);
-		for (i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++)
-			sregs2->pdptrs[i] = kvm_pdptr_read(vcpu, i);
-		sregs2->flags |= KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID;
-		kvm_vcpu_srcu_read_unlock(vcpu);
-	}
-}
-
-int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_get_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-				  struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
-{
-	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
-	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	vcpu_load(vcpu);
-	__get_sregs(vcpu, sregs);
-	vcpu_put(vcpu);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_get_mpstate(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 				    struct kvm_mp_state *mp_state)
 {
@@ -12373,175 +11747,6 @@ int kvm_task_switch(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u16 tss_selector, int idt_index,
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_FOR_KVM_INTERNAL(kvm_task_switch);
 
-static bool kvm_is_valid_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
-{
-	if ((sregs->efer & EFER_LME) && (sregs->cr0 & X86_CR0_PG)) {
-		/*
-		 * When EFER.LME and CR0.PG are set, the processor is in
-		 * 64-bit mode (though maybe in a 32-bit code segment).
-		 * CR4.PAE and EFER.LMA must be set.
-		 */
-		if (!(sregs->cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE) || !(sregs->efer & EFER_LMA))
-			return false;
-		if (!kvm_vcpu_is_legal_cr3(vcpu, sregs->cr3))
-			return false;
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * Not in 64-bit mode: EFER.LMA is clear and the code
-		 * segment cannot be 64-bit.
-		 */
-		if (sregs->efer & EFER_LMA || sregs->cs.l)
-			return false;
-	}
-
-	return kvm_is_valid_cr4(vcpu, sregs->cr4) &&
-	       kvm_is_valid_cr0(vcpu, sregs->cr0);
-}
-
-static int __set_sregs_common(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs,
-		int *mmu_reset_needed, bool update_pdptrs)
-{
-	int idx;
-	struct desc_ptr dt;
-
-	if (!kvm_is_valid_sregs(vcpu, sregs))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (kvm_apic_set_base(vcpu, sregs->apic_base, true))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return 0;
-
-	dt.size = sregs->idt.limit;
-	dt.address = sregs->idt.base;
-	kvm_x86_call(set_idt)(vcpu, &dt);
-	dt.size = sregs->gdt.limit;
-	dt.address = sregs->gdt.base;
-	kvm_x86_call(set_gdt)(vcpu, &dt);
-
-	vcpu->arch.cr2 = sregs->cr2;
-	*mmu_reset_needed |= kvm_read_cr3(vcpu) != sregs->cr3;
-	vcpu->arch.cr3 = sregs->cr3;
-	kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_CR3);
-	kvm_x86_call(post_set_cr3)(vcpu, sregs->cr3);
-
-	kvm_set_cr8(vcpu, sregs->cr8);
-
-	*mmu_reset_needed |= vcpu->arch.efer != sregs->efer;
-	kvm_x86_call(set_efer)(vcpu, sregs->efer);
-
-	*mmu_reset_needed |= kvm_read_cr0(vcpu) != sregs->cr0;
-	kvm_x86_call(set_cr0)(vcpu, sregs->cr0);
-
-	*mmu_reset_needed |= kvm_read_cr4(vcpu) != sregs->cr4;
-	kvm_x86_call(set_cr4)(vcpu, sregs->cr4);
-
-	if (update_pdptrs) {
-		idx = srcu_read_lock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu);
-		if (is_pae_paging(vcpu)) {
-			load_pdptrs(vcpu, kvm_read_cr3(vcpu));
-			*mmu_reset_needed = 1;
-		}
-		srcu_read_unlock(&vcpu->kvm->srcu, idx);
-	}
-
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->cs, VCPU_SREG_CS);
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ds, VCPU_SREG_DS);
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->es, VCPU_SREG_ES);
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->fs, VCPU_SREG_FS);
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->gs, VCPU_SREG_GS);
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ss, VCPU_SREG_SS);
-
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->tr, VCPU_SREG_TR);
-	kvm_set_segment(vcpu, &sregs->ldt, VCPU_SREG_LDTR);
-
-	kvm_lapic_update_cr8_intercept(vcpu);
-
-	/* Older userspace won't unhalt the vcpu on reset. */
-	if (kvm_vcpu_is_bsp(vcpu) && kvm_rip_read(vcpu) == 0xfff0 &&
-	    sregs->cs.selector == 0xf000 && sregs->cs.base == 0xffff0000 &&
-	    !is_protmode(vcpu))
-		kvm_set_mp_state(vcpu, KVM_MP_STATE_RUNNABLE);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int __set_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
-{
-	int pending_vec, max_bits;
-	int mmu_reset_needed = 0;
-	int ret = __set_sregs_common(vcpu, sregs, &mmu_reset_needed, true);
-
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-
-	if (mmu_reset_needed) {
-		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
-		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
-	}
-
-	max_bits = KVM_NR_INTERRUPTS;
-	pending_vec = find_first_bit(
-		(const unsigned long *)sregs->interrupt_bitmap, max_bits);
-
-	if (pending_vec < max_bits) {
-		kvm_queue_interrupt(vcpu, pending_vec, false);
-		pr_debug("Set back pending irq %d\n", pending_vec);
-		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_EVENT, vcpu);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int __set_sregs2(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_sregs2 *sregs2)
-{
-	int mmu_reset_needed = 0;
-	bool valid_pdptrs = sregs2->flags & KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID;
-	bool pae = (sregs2->cr0 & X86_CR0_PG) && (sregs2->cr4 & X86_CR4_PAE) &&
-		!(sregs2->efer & EFER_LMA);
-	int i, ret;
-
-	if (sregs2->flags & ~KVM_SREGS2_FLAGS_PDPTRS_VALID)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	if (valid_pdptrs && (!pae || vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected))
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	ret = __set_sregs_common(vcpu, (struct kvm_sregs *)sregs2,
-				 &mmu_reset_needed, !valid_pdptrs);
-	if (ret)
-		return ret;
-
-	if (valid_pdptrs) {
-		for (i = 0; i < 4 ; i++)
-			kvm_pdptr_write(vcpu, i, sregs2->pdptrs[i]);
-
-		kvm_register_mark_dirty(vcpu, VCPU_REG_PDPTR);
-		mmu_reset_needed = 1;
-		vcpu->arch.pdptrs_from_userspace = true;
-	}
-	if (mmu_reset_needed) {
-		kvm_mmu_reset_context(vcpu);
-		kvm_make_request(KVM_REQ_TLB_FLUSH_GUEST, vcpu);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int kvm_arch_vcpu_ioctl_set_sregs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
-				  struct kvm_sregs *sregs)
-{
-	int ret;
-
-	if (vcpu->kvm->arch.has_protected_state &&
-	    vcpu->arch.guest_state_protected)
-		return -EINVAL;
-
-	vcpu_load(vcpu);
-	ret = __set_sregs(vcpu, sregs);
-	vcpu_put(vcpu);
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static void kvm_arch_vcpu_guestdbg_update_apicv_inhibit(struct kvm *kvm)
 {
 	bool set = false;
@@ -12699,11 +11904,7 @@ static void store_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
 	BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct kvm_sync_regs) > SYNC_REGS_SIZE_BYTES);
 
-	if (vcpu->run->kvm_valid_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS)
-		__get_regs(vcpu, &vcpu->run->s.regs.regs);
-
-	if (vcpu->run->kvm_valid_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS)
-		__get_sregs(vcpu, &vcpu->run->s.regs.sregs);
+	kvm_run_get_regs(vcpu);
 
 	if (vcpu->run->kvm_valid_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_EVENTS)
 		kvm_vcpu_ioctl_x86_get_vcpu_events(
@@ -12712,19 +11913,8 @@ static void store_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 
 static int sync_regs(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
 {
-	if (vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS) {
-		__set_regs(vcpu, &vcpu->run->s.regs.regs);
-		vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs &= ~KVM_SYNC_X86_REGS;
-	}
-
-	if (vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS) {
-		struct kvm_sregs sregs = vcpu->run->s.regs.sregs;
-
-		if (__set_sregs(vcpu, &sregs))
-			return -EINVAL;
-
-		vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs &= ~KVM_SYNC_X86_SREGS;
-	}
+	if (kvm_run_set_regs(vcpu))
+		return -EINVAL;
 
 	if (vcpu->run->kvm_dirty_regs & KVM_SYNC_X86_EVENTS) {
 		struct kvm_vcpu_events events = vcpu->run->s.regs.events;
diff --git a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
index 185062a26924..fd55cd031b1c 100644
--- a/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
+++ b/arch/x86/kvm/x86.h
@@ -414,6 +414,7 @@ int handle_ud(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 void kvm_deliver_exception_payload(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
 				   struct kvm_queued_exception *ex);
+void kvm_handle_exception_payload_quirk(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
 
 int kvm_mtrr_set_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr, u64 data);
 int kvm_mtrr_get_msr(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 msr, u64 *pdata);
@@ -604,6 +605,7 @@ static inline void kvm_machine_check(void)
 int kvm_spec_ctrl_test_value(u64 value);
 int kvm_handle_memory_failure(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, int r,
 			      struct x86_exception *e);
+void kvm_invalidate_pcid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long pcid);
 int kvm_handle_invpcid(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, unsigned long type, gva_t gva);
 bool kvm_msr_allowed(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, u32 index, u32 type);
 
-- 
2.54.0.563.g4f69b47b94-goog

Re: [PATCH v2 00/15] KVM: x86: Clean up kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() mess

[Yosry Ahmed]

On Thu, May 14, 2026 at 2:54 PM Sean Christopherson <seanjc@google.com> wrote:
>
> Add proper, explicit "raw" versions of kvm_<reg>_{read,write}(), along
> with "e" versions (for hardcoded 32-bit accesses), and convert the
> existing kvm_<reg>_{read,write}() APIs into mode-aware variants.
>
> This was prompted by commit 435741a4e766 ("KVM: SVM: Properly check RAX
> on #GP intercept of SVM instructions"), where using kvm_rax_read() to
> get EAX/RAX would have (*very* surprisingly) been wrong as it's actually
> a "raw" variant that doesn't truncate accesses when the guest is in 32-bit
> mode.
>
> Aside from my dislike of inconsistent APIs, I really want to avoid carrying
> code that's subtly relying on using kvm_register_read(...) when accessing a
> hardcoded register.
>
> Fix a handful of minor warts along the way.
>
> Oh, and introduce regs.{c,h}, which just a "minor" addendum.  Yosry pointed
> out that moving _more_ code into x86.h was rather gross (especially since the
> code split was super arbitrary), and it turns out that create regs.{c,h} isn't
> all that hard.  In the future, I think we can also add msr.{c,h}, so I very
> deliberately didn't include that functionality in regs.{c,h}.
>
> v2:
>  - Collect tags. [Yosry, Kai
>  - Fix some truly egregious goofs. [Binbin]
>  - Rename kvm_cache_regs.h => regs.h, add regs.c. [Yosry, though he'll
>    probably yell at me for saying this was his suggestion :-) ]

This is kinda sorta the opposite of what I suggested, but sure :P