From: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev>
To: maz@kernel.org, oupton@kernel.org, kvmarm@lists.linux.dev,
linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org,
linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: catalin.marinas@arm.com, will@kernel.org, joey.gouly@arm.com,
seiden@linux.ibm.com, suzuki.poulose@arm.com,
yuzenghui@huawei.com, mark.rutland@arm.com, steven.price@arm.com,
vdonnefort@google.com, qperret@google.com, tabba@google.com
Subject: [PATCH v3 12/18] KVM: arm64: Prevent host PC adjustments for protected vCPUs
Date: Mon, 14 Sep 2026 12:33:32 +0100 [thread overview]
Message-ID: <20260914113338.159227-13-fuad.tabba@linux.dev> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20260914113338.159227-1-fuad.tabba@linux.dev>
__kvm_adjust_pc() lets the host advance a vCPU's PC or inject an
exception, which for a protected vCPU would let the host redirect
guest execution. Drop the request there: the entry handlers apply the
host's PC_UPDATE_REQ on re-entry, where EL2 allows it.
__kvm_adjust_pc() adjusts the vCPU a get/put pair returns, the one it
was given outside pKVM. Both host callers hold the vCPU mutex, so a
hyp vCPU loaded for the vCPU is loaded on the calling CPU. The request
for a loaded protected vCPU is dropped. For a loaded non-protected
vCPU, PKVM_HOST_STATE_DIRTY selects the copy, since adjusting the hyp
vCPU while the host copy is authoritative loses the update at the next
flush. Adjusting the hyp vCPU copies PC_UPDATE_REQ in and back out
again: without the copy back, INCREMENT_PC outlives the adjustment and
the next KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS trips WARN_ON(INCREMENT_PC) in
kvm_pend_exception(). With no hyp vCPU loaded, as under
KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS, the host copy is adjusted as before.
Until the marshalling patch clears PC_UPDATE_REQ on the host copy at
exit, a KVM_RUN that returns to userspace with INCREMENT_PC set leaves
it on the host copy of a loaded protected vCPU, and a
KVM_SET_VCPU_EVENTS before the next run then trips that WARN_ON.
Suggested-by: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Fuad Tabba <fuad.tabba@linux.dev>
---
arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c | 21 +++++++++-----
arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/adjust_pc.h | 19 +++++++++++++
arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c | 32 ++++++++++++++++++++++
3 files changed, 65 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c
index 6e60d890afa4a..7ea62e5304ae9 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/exception.c
@@ -353,12 +353,19 @@ static void kvm_inject_exception(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
*/
void __kvm_adjust_pc(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
{
- if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, PENDING_EXCEPTION)) {
- kvm_inject_exception(vcpu);
- vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
- vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, EXCEPT_MASK);
- } else if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, INCREMENT_PC)) {
- kvm_skip_instr(vcpu);
- vcpu_clear_flag(vcpu, INCREMENT_PC);
+ struct kvm_vcpu *target = pkvm_adjust_pc_get(vcpu);
+
+ if (!target)
+ return;
+
+ if (vcpu_get_flag(target, PENDING_EXCEPTION)) {
+ kvm_inject_exception(target);
+ vcpu_clear_flag(target, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
+ vcpu_clear_flag(target, EXCEPT_MASK);
+ } else if (vcpu_get_flag(target, INCREMENT_PC)) {
+ kvm_skip_instr(target);
+ vcpu_clear_flag(target, INCREMENT_PC);
}
+
+ pkvm_adjust_pc_put(vcpu, target);
}
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/adjust_pc.h b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/adjust_pc.h
index a4fb04faa7d09..94ba768996032 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/adjust_pc.h
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/include/hyp/adjust_pc.h
@@ -68,4 +68,23 @@ static inline void kvm_skip_host_instr(void)
write_sysreg_el2(read_sysreg_el2(SYS_ELR) + 4, SYS_ELR);
}
+/*
+ * Under pKVM, the vCPU __kvm_adjust_pc() adjusts for @vcpu (NULL drops the
+ * request), and the copy of the consumed PC_UPDATE_REQ back to @vcpu.
+ */
+#ifdef __KVM_NVHE_HYPERVISOR__
+struct kvm_vcpu *pkvm_adjust_pc_get(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu);
+void pkvm_adjust_pc_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_vcpu *target);
+#else
+static inline struct kvm_vcpu *pkvm_adjust_pc_get(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ return vcpu;
+}
+
+static inline void pkvm_adjust_pc_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu,
+ struct kvm_vcpu *target)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
#endif
diff --git a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c
index da8ab636063cf..1dcc75261dc08 100644
--- a/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c
+++ b/arch/arm64/kvm/hyp/nvhe/hyp-main.c
@@ -642,6 +642,38 @@ static void handle___pkvm_host_mkyoung_guest(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
cpu_reg(host_ctxt, 1) = ret;
}
+/*
+ * PKVM_HOST_STATE_DIRTY names the authoritative copy, the host's when set.
+ * A loaded protected vCPU takes the request at its next entry instead.
+ */
+struct kvm_vcpu *pkvm_adjust_pc_get(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu)
+{
+ struct pkvm_hyp_vcpu *hyp_vcpu;
+
+ if (!is_protected_kvm_enabled())
+ return vcpu;
+
+ hyp_vcpu = pkvm_get_loaded_hyp_vcpu();
+ if (!hyp_vcpu || hyp_vcpu->host_vcpu != vcpu)
+ return vcpu;
+
+ if (pkvm_hyp_vcpu_is_protected(hyp_vcpu))
+ return NULL;
+
+ if (vcpu_get_flag(vcpu, PKVM_HOST_STATE_DIRTY))
+ return vcpu;
+
+ vcpu_copy_flag(&hyp_vcpu->vcpu, vcpu, PC_UPDATE_REQ);
+ return &hyp_vcpu->vcpu;
+}
+
+/* Reflect the consumed request back, otherwise it stays pending. */
+void pkvm_adjust_pc_put(struct kvm_vcpu *vcpu, struct kvm_vcpu *target)
+{
+ if (target != vcpu)
+ vcpu_copy_flag(vcpu, target, PC_UPDATE_REQ);
+}
+
static void handle___kvm_adjust_pc(struct kvm_cpu_context *host_ctxt)
{
DECLARE_REG(struct kvm_vcpu *, vcpu, host_ctxt, 1);
--
2.39.5
next prev parent reply other threads:[~2026-09-14 11:35 UTC|newest]
Thread overview: 55+ messages / expand[flat|nested] mbox.gz Atom feed top
2026-09-14 11:33 [PATCH v3 00/18] KVM: arm64: Confine protected VM vCPU state to EL2 Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 01/18] KVM: arm64: Sync HCR_EL2.VSE back to the host vCPU under pKVM Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 02/18] KVM: arm64: Validate the host vCPU's VM before reading it " Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 03/18] KVM: arm64: Pin the host vCPU before adjusting its PC " Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 13:01 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-14 14:00 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 04/18] KVM: arm64: Disable steal time for protected VMs Fuad Tabba
2026-09-22 14:34 ` Vincent Donnefort
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 05/18] KVM: arm64: Introduce per-EC entry handlers for pKVM Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 06/18] KVM: arm64: Skip fixed-feature state flush for protected vCPUs Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 13:42 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-14 14:27 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 07/18] KVM: arm64: Add {flush,sync}_hyp_timer_state() primitives Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 08/18] KVM: arm64: Add system register reset framework for protected VMs Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 09/18] KVM: arm64: Implement HVC handling for protected guests at EL2 Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 10/18] KVM: arm64: Handle PSCI calls for protected VMs " Fuad Tabba
2026-09-22 16:35 ` Vincent Donnefort
2026-09-22 16:37 ` Vincent Donnefort
2026-09-22 17:07 ` Vincent Donnefort
2026-09-23 9:51 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-24 8:30 ` Will Deacon
2026-09-24 11:26 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-24 12:14 ` Will Deacon
2026-09-24 15:21 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-10-01 12:58 ` Will Deacon
2026-10-01 13:11 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-10-01 12:59 ` Will Deacon
2026-10-01 13:11 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 11/18] KVM: arm64: Restrict KVM_ARM_VCPU_INIT and PSCI version for protected VMs Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` Fuad Tabba [this message]
2026-09-14 13:42 ` [PATCH v3 12/18] KVM: arm64: Prevent host PC adjustments for protected vCPUs Marc Zyngier
2026-09-14 14:43 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-15 11:02 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-09-15 11:19 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 13/18] KVM: arm64: Inject an UNDEF at EL2 for unhandled protected guest exits Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 14/18] KVM: arm64: Add per-EC entry/exit state marshalling for protected guests Fuad Tabba
2026-09-16 16:27 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-09-16 19:05 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 15/18] KVM: arm64: Reject host access to protected VM private state Fuad Tabba
2026-09-16 16:30 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-09-16 19:07 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-17 8:06 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-09-17 18:42 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-18 13:21 ` Will Deacon
2026-09-18 13:24 ` Will Deacon
2026-09-27 8:20 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-09-27 12:37 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-28 19:00 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 16/18] KVM: arm64: Reject host power-on of a vCPU that EL2 holds powered off Fuad Tabba
2026-09-16 16:43 ` Marc Zyngier
2026-09-16 19:08 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 17/18] KVM: arm64: Advertise the capabilities that protected VMs support Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 16:23 ` sashiko-bot
2026-09-14 18:01 ` Fuad Tabba
2026-09-14 11:33 ` [PATCH v3 18/18] KVM: arm64: Document the protected VM userspace API Fuad Tabba
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