[PATCH v2] ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan

[PATCH v2] ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan

[ZhengYuan Huang]

[BUG]
A crafted filesystem can trigger an out-of-bounds bitmap walk when
OCFS2_IOC_INFO is issued with OCFS2_INFO_FL_NON_COHERENT.

BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in test_bit_le include/asm-generic/bitops/le.h:21 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:495 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_bitmap fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:588 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_handle_freefrag fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:662 [inline]
BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_handle_request+0x1c66/0x3370 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:754
Read of size 8 at addr ffff888031bce000 by task syz.0.636/1435
Call Trace:
 __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
 dump_stack_lvl+0xbe/0x130 lib/dump_stack.c:120
 print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]
 print_report+0xd1/0x650 mm/kasan/report.c:482
 kasan_report+0xfb/0x140 mm/kasan/report.c:595
 check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:186 [inline]
 kasan_check_range+0x11c/0x200 mm/kasan/generic.c:200
 __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x20 mm/kasan/shadow.c:31
 instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
 _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
 test_bit_le include/asm-generic/bitops/le.h:21 [inline]
 ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:495 [inline]
 ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_bitmap fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:588 [inline]
 ocfs2_info_handle_freefrag fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:662 [inline]
 ocfs2_info_handle_request+0x1c66/0x3370 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:754
 ocfs2_info_handle+0x18d/0x2a0 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:828
 ocfs2_ioctl+0x632/0x6e0 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:913
 vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
 __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
 __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:583 [inline]
 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x197/0x1e0 fs/ioctl.c:583
 ...

[CAUSE]
ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain() uses on-disk bg_bits directly as the
bitmap scan limit. The coherent path reads group descriptors through
ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(), which validates the descriptor before
use. The non-coherent path uses ocfs2_read_blocks_sync() instead and
skips that validation, so an impossible bg_bits value can drive the
bitmap walk past the end of the block.

[FIX]
Compute the bitmap capacity from the filesystem format with
ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(), report descriptors whose bg_bits exceeds
that limit, and clamp the scan to the computed capacity. This keeps the
freefrag report going while avoiding reads beyond the buffer.

Signed-off-by: ZhengYuan Huang <gality369@gmail.com>
---
v2:
- Use ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() instead of the on-disk bg_size field
- Clamp bg_bits to the computed bitmap capacity and continue scanning
---
 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
index b6864602814c..fa0ca014c6d5 100644
--- a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
+++ b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
@@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
 	struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg = NULL;
 
-	unsigned int max_bits, num_clusters;
+	unsigned int max_bits, max_bitmap_bits, num_clusters;
 	unsigned int offset = 0, cluster, chunk;
 	unsigned int chunk_free, last_chunksize = 0;
 
@@ -474,11 +474,28 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
 		}
 
 		bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *)bh->b_data;
+		max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);
+		max_bitmap_bits = 8U *
+			ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(osb->sb, 1,
+						osb->s_feature_incompat);
+
+		/*
+		 * Non-coherent scans read raw blocks and do not get the
+		 * bg_bits validation from
+		 * ocfs2_read_group_descriptor().
+		 */
+		if (max_bits > max_bitmap_bits) {
+			mlog(ML_ERROR,
+			     "Group desc #%llu has %u bits, max bitmap bits %u\n",
+			     (unsigned long long)blkno,
+			     max_bits,
+			     max_bitmap_bits);
+			max_bits = max_bitmap_bits;
+		}
 
 		if (!le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_free_bits_count))
 			continue;
 
-		max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);
 		offset = 0;
 
 		for (chunk = 0; chunk < chunks_in_group; chunk++) {
-- 
2.43.0

Re: [PATCH v2] ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan

[Heming Zhao]

On Thu, Apr 09, 2026 at 03:06:24PM +0800, ZhengYuan Huang wrote:
> [BUG]
> A crafted filesystem can trigger an out-of-bounds bitmap walk when
> OCFS2_IOC_INFO is issued with OCFS2_INFO_FL_NON_COHERENT.
> 
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in test_bit_le include/asm-generic/bitops/le.h:21 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:495 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_bitmap fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:588 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_handle_freefrag fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:662 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_handle_request+0x1c66/0x3370 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:754
> Read of size 8 at addr ffff888031bce000 by task syz.0.636/1435
> Call Trace:
>  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
>  dump_stack_lvl+0xbe/0x130 lib/dump_stack.c:120
>  print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]
>  print_report+0xd1/0x650 mm/kasan/report.c:482
>  kasan_report+0xfb/0x140 mm/kasan/report.c:595
>  check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:186 [inline]
>  kasan_check_range+0x11c/0x200 mm/kasan/generic.c:200
>  __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x20 mm/kasan/shadow.c:31
>  instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
>  _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
>  test_bit_le include/asm-generic/bitops/le.h:21 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:495 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_bitmap fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:588 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_handle_freefrag fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:662 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_handle_request+0x1c66/0x3370 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:754
>  ocfs2_info_handle+0x18d/0x2a0 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:828
>  ocfs2_ioctl+0x632/0x6e0 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:913
>  vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
>  __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
>  __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:583 [inline]
>  __x64_sys_ioctl+0x197/0x1e0 fs/ioctl.c:583
>  ...
> 
> [CAUSE]
> ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain() uses on-disk bg_bits directly as the
> bitmap scan limit. The coherent path reads group descriptors through
> ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(), which validates the descriptor before
> use. The non-coherent path uses ocfs2_read_blocks_sync() instead and
> skips that validation, so an impossible bg_bits value can drive the
> bitmap walk past the end of the block.
> 
> [FIX]
> Compute the bitmap capacity from the filesystem format with
> ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(), report descriptors whose bg_bits exceeds
> that limit, and clamp the scan to the computed capacity. This keeps the
> freefrag report going while avoiding reads beyond the buffer.
> 
> Signed-off-by: ZhengYuan Huang <gality369@gmail.com>
> ---
> v2:
> - Use ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() instead of the on-disk bg_size field
> - Clamp bg_bits to the computed bitmap capacity and continue scanning
> ---
>  fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++--
>  1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> index b6864602814c..fa0ca014c6d5 100644
> --- a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> +++ b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> @@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
>  	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
>  	struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg = NULL;
>  
> -	unsigned int max_bits, num_clusters;
> +	unsigned int max_bits, max_bitmap_bits, num_clusters;
>  	unsigned int offset = 0, cluster, chunk;
>  	unsigned int chunk_free, last_chunksize = 0;
>  
> @@ -474,11 +474,28 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
>  		}
>  
>  		bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *)bh->b_data;
> +		max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);
> +		max_bitmap_bits = 8U *
> +			ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(osb->sb, 1,
> +						osb->s_feature_incompat);
> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Non-coherent scans read raw blocks and do not get the
> +		 * bg_bits validation from
> +		 * ocfs2_read_group_descriptor().
> +		 */
> +		if (max_bits > max_bitmap_bits) {
> +			mlog(ML_ERROR,
> +			     "Group desc #%llu has %u bits, max bitmap bits %u\n",
> +			     (unsigned long long)blkno,
> +			     max_bits,
> +			     max_bitmap_bits);
> +			max_bits = max_bitmap_bits;
> +		}
>  
>  		if (!le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_free_bits_count))
>  			continue;
>  
> -		max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);

Restore this line and move the code here.
This will save cpu cycles when bg->bg_free_bits_count is zero, which is a
frequent occurrence.

- Heming
>  		offset = 0;
>  
>  		for (chunk = 0; chunk < chunks_in_group; chunk++) {
> -- 
> 2.43.0
> 
> 

Re: [PATCH v2] ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan

[Joseph Qi]

On 4/9/26 3:06 PM, ZhengYuan Huang wrote:
> [BUG]
> A crafted filesystem can trigger an out-of-bounds bitmap walk when
> OCFS2_IOC_INFO is issued with OCFS2_INFO_FL_NON_COHERENT.
> 
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in test_bit_le include/asm-generic/bitops/le.h:21 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:495 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_bitmap fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:588 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_handle_freefrag fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:662 [inline]
> BUG: KASAN: use-after-free in ocfs2_info_handle_request+0x1c66/0x3370 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:754
> Read of size 8 at addr ffff888031bce000 by task syz.0.636/1435
> Call Trace:
>  __dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:94 [inline]
>  dump_stack_lvl+0xbe/0x130 lib/dump_stack.c:120
>  print_address_description mm/kasan/report.c:378 [inline]
>  print_report+0xd1/0x650 mm/kasan/report.c:482
>  kasan_report+0xfb/0x140 mm/kasan/report.c:595
>  check_region_inline mm/kasan/generic.c:186 [inline]
>  kasan_check_range+0x11c/0x200 mm/kasan/generic.c:200
>  __kasan_check_read+0x11/0x20 mm/kasan/shadow.c:31
>  instrument_atomic_read include/linux/instrumented.h:68 [inline]
>  _test_bit include/asm-generic/bitops/instrumented-non-atomic.h:141 [inline]
>  test_bit_le include/asm-generic/bitops/le.h:21 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:495 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_bitmap fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:588 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_handle_freefrag fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:662 [inline]
>  ocfs2_info_handle_request+0x1c66/0x3370 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:754
>  ocfs2_info_handle+0x18d/0x2a0 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:828
>  ocfs2_ioctl+0x632/0x6e0 fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c:913
>  vfs_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:51 [inline]
>  __do_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:597 [inline]
>  __se_sys_ioctl fs/ioctl.c:583 [inline]
>  __x64_sys_ioctl+0x197/0x1e0 fs/ioctl.c:583
>  ...
> 
> [CAUSE]
> ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain() uses on-disk bg_bits directly as the
> bitmap scan limit. The coherent path reads group descriptors through
> ocfs2_read_group_descriptor(), which validates the descriptor before
> use. The non-coherent path uses ocfs2_read_blocks_sync() instead and
> skips that validation, so an impossible bg_bits value can drive the
> bitmap walk past the end of the block.
> 
> [FIX]
> Compute the bitmap capacity from the filesystem format with
> ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(), report descriptors whose bg_bits exceeds
> that limit, and clamp the scan to the computed capacity. This keeps the
> freefrag report going while avoiding reads beyond the buffer.
> 
> Signed-off-by: ZhengYuan Huang <gality369@gmail.com>

Missing fixes tag:
Fixes: d24a10b9f8ed ("Ocfs2: Add a new code 'OCFS2_INFO_FREEFRAG' for o2info ioctl.")

> ---
> v2:
> - Use ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() instead of the on-disk bg_size field
> - Clamp bg_bits to the computed bitmap capacity and continue scanning
> ---
>  fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++--
>  1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> index b6864602814c..fa0ca014c6d5 100644
> --- a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> +++ b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> @@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
>  	struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
>  	struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg = NULL;
>  
> -	unsigned int max_bits, num_clusters;
> +	unsigned int max_bits, max_bitmap_bits, num_clusters;
>  	unsigned int offset = 0, cluster, chunk;
>  	unsigned int chunk_free, last_chunksize = 0;
>  
> @@ -474,11 +474,28 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
>  		}
>  
>  		bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *)bh->b_data;
> +		max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);
> +		max_bitmap_bits = 8U *
> +			ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(osb->sb, 1,
> +						osb->s_feature_incompat);

This is not right. It scans cluster allocator, not suballocator, so the
second parameter for ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() should be 0 instead of 1.

BTW, it seems we don't have to explictly mark it as unsigned int.


> +
> +		/*
> +		 * Non-coherent scans read raw blocks and do not get the
> +		 * bg_bits validation from
> +		 * ocfs2_read_group_descriptor().
> +		 */
> +		if (max_bits > max_bitmap_bits) {
> +			mlog(ML_ERROR,
> +			     "Group desc #%llu has %u bits, max bitmap bits %u\n",
> +			     (unsigned long long)blkno,
> +			     max_bits,
> +			     max_bitmap_bits);

Better to fold them into same line.

Thanks,
Joseph

> +			max_bits = max_bitmap_bits;
> +		}
>  
>  		if (!le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_free_bits_count))
>  			continue;
>  
> -		max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);
>  		offset = 0;
>  
>  		for (chunk = 0; chunk < chunks_in_group; chunk++) {

Re: [PATCH v2] ocfs2: validate bg_bits during freefrag scan

[ZhengYuan Huang]

On Fri, Apr 10, 2026 at 10:46 AM Joseph Qi <joseph.qi@linux.alibaba.com> wrote:
> Missing fixes tag:
> Fixes: d24a10b9f8ed ("Ocfs2: Add a new code 'OCFS2_INFO_FREEFRAG' for o2info ioctl.")
>
> > ---
> > v2:
> > - Use ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() instead of the on-disk bg_size field
> > - Clamp bg_bits to the computed bitmap capacity and continue scanning
> > ---
> >  fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c | 21 +++++++++++++++++++--
> >  1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> >
> > diff --git a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> > index b6864602814c..fa0ca014c6d5 100644
> > --- a/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> > +++ b/fs/ocfs2/ioctl.c
> > @@ -441,7 +441,7 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
> >       struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
> >       struct ocfs2_group_desc *bg = NULL;
> >
> > -     unsigned int max_bits, num_clusters;
> > +     unsigned int max_bits, max_bitmap_bits, num_clusters;
> >       unsigned int offset = 0, cluster, chunk;
> >       unsigned int chunk_free, last_chunksize = 0;
> >
> > @@ -474,11 +474,28 @@ static int ocfs2_info_freefrag_scan_chain(struct ocfs2_super *osb,
> >               }
> >
> >               bg = (struct ocfs2_group_desc *)bh->b_data;
> > +             max_bits = le16_to_cpu(bg->bg_bits);
> > +             max_bitmap_bits = 8U *
> > +                     ocfs2_group_bitmap_size(osb->sb, 1,
> > +                                             osb->s_feature_incompat);
>
> This is not right. It scans cluster allocator, not suballocator, so the
> second parameter for ocfs2_group_bitmap_size() should be 0 instead of 1.
>
> BTW, it seems we don't have to explictly mark it as unsigned int.
>
>
> > +
> > +             /*
> > +              * Non-coherent scans read raw blocks and do not get the
> > +              * bg_bits validation from
> > +              * ocfs2_read_group_descriptor().
> > +              */
> > +             if (max_bits > max_bitmap_bits) {
> > +                     mlog(ML_ERROR,
> > +                          "Group desc #%llu has %u bits, max bitmap bits %u\n",
> > +                          (unsigned long long)blkno,
> > +                          max_bits,
> > +                          max_bitmap_bits);
>
> Better to fold them into same line.
>
> Thanks,
> Joseph

Thanks for the review.

Fixed in the next version.

Best regards,
ZhengYuan Huang