Linux-mm Archive on lore.kernel.org
 help / color / mirror / Atom feed
From: sashiko-bot@kernel.org
To: "Ackerley Tng" <ackerleytng@google.com>,
	"Alexey Kardashevskiy" <aik@amd.com>,
	"Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@kernel.org>,
	"Christian Brauner" <brauner@kernel.org>,
	"David Hildenbrand" <david@kernel.org>,
	"David Woodhouse" <dwmw2@infradead.org>,
	"Fred Griffoul" <fgriffo@amazon.co.uk>,
	"Jacob Pan" <jacob.pan@linux.microsoft.com>,
	"Jianxiong Gao" <jxgao@google.com>,
	"John Starks" <John.Starks@microsoft.com>,
	"Michael Roth" <michael.roth@amd.com>,
	"Paolo Bonzini" <pbonzini@redhat.com>,
	"Samiullah Khawaja" <skhawaja@google.com>,
	"Sean Christopherson" <seanjc@google.com>,
	"Suzuki K Poulose" <suzuki.poulose@arm.com>,
	"Tarun Sahu" <tarunsahu@google.com>,
	"Vishal Annapurve" <vannapurve@google.com>,
	"Xu Yilun" <yilun.xu@linux.intel.com>,
	"Fuad Tabba" <fuad.tabba@linux.dev>
Cc: kvm@vger.kernel.org, linux-mm@kvack.org
Subject: Re: [PATCH RFC v3 54/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support read and write operations and provider callbacks
Date: Sun, 08 Nov 2026 00:44:17 +0000	[thread overview]
Message-ID: <sashiko-outbox-203465@kernel.org> (raw)
In-Reply-To: <20261106-gmem-alternative-providers-v3-54-8484dde66a7e@google.com>

Thank you for your contribution! Sashiko AI review found 2 potential
issues to consider:
- [Medium] KVM: guest_memfd: corrupt *ppos on copy_to_user() fault in
  kvm_gmem_rw()
- [Low] KVM: guest_memfd: missing kernel-doc for provider read and write
  callbacks
--

commit e75034915fb7c05a994b62162e0f8d89c6caa18a
Author: Ackerley Tng <ackerleytng@google.com>

KVM: guest_memfd: Support read and write operations and provider callbacks

This commit adds read and write file operations for guest_memfd descriptors,
using a stack bounce buffer to forward shared memory reads and writes to
provider callbacks.

> diff --git a/include/linux/guest_memfd.h b/include/linux/guest_memfd.h
> index cd634576c9af8..c85594b58112a 100644
> --- a/include/linux/guest_memfd.h
> +++ b/include/linux/guest_memfd.h
> @@ -113,6 +113,10 @@ struct guest_memfd_provider_operations {
>  				unsigned long *pfn, size_t *nr_pages);
>  	void (*put_pfn_range)(void *provider, pgoff_t index, size_t nr_pages);
>  	int (*mmap)(void *provider, struct vm_area_struct *vma);
> +	ssize_t (*read)(void *provider, void *buf, size_t count,
> +			loff_t *ppos);
> +	ssize_t (*write)(void *provider, const void *buf, size_t count,
> +			 loff_t *ppos);
>  	int (*check_set_attributes)(void *provider, pgoff_t index,
>  				    size_t nr_pages, u64 attributes);
>  };

[Severity: Low]
struct guest_memfd_provider_operations has a kernel-doc comment block above
it, so adding read and write without @read and @write descriptions triggers
scripts/kernel-doc warnings.

Could the kernel-doc comment also document that these callbacks run under
the shared filemap invalidate lock (so they must not take locks held across
kvm_gmem_revoke()) and are expected to advance *ppos by the number of bytes
transferred?

> diff --git a/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c b/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c
> index 61a3ff7fcd84c..385b517b49ed5 100644
> --- a/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c
> +++ b/virt/kvm/guest_memfd.c

[ ... ]

> @@ -1204,7 +1239,86 @@ static long kvm_gmem_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int ioctl,
>  	}
>  }
>  
> +static ssize_t kvm_gmem_rw(struct file *file, void __user *buf, size_t count,
> +			   loff_t *ppos, bool is_write)
> +{

[ ... ]

> +	while (count) {
> +		u8 bounce[256];
> +		size_t chunk = min_t(size_t, count, sizeof(bounce));
> +		pgoff_t start = *ppos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
> +		pgoff_t end = (*ppos + chunk - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
> +		pgoff_t nr_pages = end - start + 1;
> +		ssize_t ret;
> +
> +		if (is_write) {
> +			if (copy_from_user(bounce, (const char __user *)buf + total_done, chunk))
> +				return total_done ?: -EFAULT;
> +		}
> +
> +		filemap_invalidate_lock_shared(inode->i_mapping);
> +
> +		if (!kvm_gmem_range_has_attributes(inode, start, nr_pages, 0)) {
> +			filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(inode->i_mapping);
> +			return total_done ?: -EFAULT;
> +		}
> +
> +		if (is_write)
> +			ret = gmem_provider_write(gi, bounce, chunk, ppos);
> +		else
> +			ret = gmem_provider_read(gi, bounce, chunk, ppos);
> +
> +		filemap_invalidate_unlock_shared(inode->i_mapping);
> +
> +		if (ret < 0)
> +			return total_done ?: ret;
> +
> +		if (!ret)
> +			break;
> +
> +		if (!is_write) {
> +			if (copy_to_user((char __user *)buf + total_done, bounce, ret))
> +				return total_done ?: -EFAULT;
> +		}

[Severity: Medium]
Does a copy_to_user() fault here leave *ppos advanced past the unread
chunk?

gmem_provider_read() updates *ppos by ret before copy_to_user() runs.  If a
read spanning multiple 256-byte chunks faults in copy_to_user() after an
earlier chunk succeeded (total_done > 0), kvm_gmem_rw() returns total_done
while *ppos has already been incremented by total_done + ret, so ksys_read()
commits the over-advanced offset to file->f_pos and the next sequential read
silently skips ret bytes.

-- 
Sashiko AI review · https://sashiko.dev/#/patchset/20261106-gmem-alternative-providers-v3-0-8484dde66a7e@google.com?part=54


  reply	other threads:[~2026-11-08  0:45 UTC|newest]

Thread overview: 125+ messages / expand[flat|nested]  mbox.gz  Atom feed  top
2026-11-07  0:36 [PATCH RFC v3 00/88] guest_memfd alternative providers Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 01/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Split folio allocation and insertion in kvm_gmem_get_folio Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 02/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Route folio allocation through native provider operations Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 03/88] mm: shmem: Implement guest_memfd provider operations for tmpfs Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 04/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support provider folio invalidation Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 05/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support using resource provider Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 06/88] KVM: selftests: Add helper to create guest_memfd with a resource file Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 07/88] KVM: selftests: Test negative validation of resource_fd argument Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 08/88] KVM: selftests: Test rejection of unsupported filesystem for resource_fd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 09/88] KVM: selftests: Test rejection of memfd " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 10/88] KVM: selftests: Test rejection of swap tmpfs mounts Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 11/88] KVM: selftests: Test rejection of hugepage " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 12/88] KVM: selftests: Test rejection of regular file in tmpfs mount Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 13/88] KVM: selftests: Test guest_memfd with tmpfs resource pool Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 14/88] KVM: selftests: Test guest_memfd resource pool sharing across instances Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 15/88] KVM: selftests: Test memory allocation against shared tmpfs resource pool Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 16/88] KVM: selftests: Test that shared tmpfs resource pool size limit is respected Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 17/88] KVM: selftests: Test guest execution with tmpfs-backed guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:43   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 18/88] KVM: selftests: Document testing TODOs Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 19/88] KVM: selftests: Test guest_memfd conversions with tmpfs backing Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 20/88] samples/kvm: Introduce memory provider module skeleton Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 21/88] samples/kvm: Support creating memory provider files Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 22/88] samples/kvm: Support marking page ranges present or absent Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 23/88] samples/kvm: Support marking page ranges read-only Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 24/88] samples/kvm: Support querying provider file statistics Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:36 ` [PATCH RFC v3 25/88] KVM: selftests: Add basic test for sample memory provider Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 26/88] KVM: selftests: Test marking page ranges present and absent Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 27/88] KVM: selftests: Test marking page ranges read-only Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 28/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support reporting PFN attributes Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 29/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support getting PFNs for stage 2 from providers Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 30/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Refactor error handling in kvm_gmem_fault_user_mapping Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 31/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Set VM_PFNMAP on VMA in PFN mode Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 32/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support user fault handling " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 33/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Skip checking outstanding references " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 34/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support converting to shared " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 35/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support preallocating memory via fallocate " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 36/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Clamp hole punch range to inode size Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 37/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support reclaim during hole punch in PFN mode Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 38/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support arch reclaim on inode destruction " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 39/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support put_pfn_range provider op " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 40/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Add TODO for memory failure handling " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 41/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Allow attaching PFN-backed providers Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 42/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Export kvm_gmem_revoke for provider-driven revocation Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 43/88] KVM: selftests: Test flag dependency of PFN_MODE on USE_RESOURCE Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 44/88] samples/kvm: Implement attach and release provider ops in sample provider Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 45/88] samples/kvm: Disallow MP_SET_READONLY after attach Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 46/88] samples/kvm: Implement get_pfn provider operation Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 47/88] samples/kvm: Implement put_pfn_range " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 48/88] samples/kvm: Support dynamic revocation via kvm_gmem_revoke Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 49/88] samples/kvm: Implement lookup_pfn_range provider operation Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 50/88] KVM: selftests: Test guest_memfd conversions with sample memory provider backing Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 51/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support reporting PFN cacheability Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 52/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support mmap provider operation Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 53/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support check_set_attributes " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 54/88] KVM: guest_memfd: Support read and write operations and provider callbacks Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot [this message]
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 55/88] vfio: Track device file access mode with an enum Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 56/88] vfio: Support VFIO_DEVICE_BIND_FLAG_CTRL_ONLY Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 57/88] vfio: Dispatch guest_memfd provider operations via vfio_device_ops Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 58/88] vfio/pci: Implement attach and release provider ops for guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 59/88] vfio: Dispatch guest_memfd get_pfn provider op via vfio_device_ops Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 60/88] vfio/pci: Implement get_pfn provider op for guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 61/88] vfio: Implement mmap " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 62/88] vfio: Dispatch guest_memfd check_set_attributes via vfio_device_ops Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 63/88] vfio/pci: Implement check_set_attributes provider op for guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 64/88] vfio: Add vfio_device_gmem_revoke helper " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 65/88] vfio/pci: Revoke guest_memfd memory on BAR invalidation and reset Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 66/88] vfio: Dispatch guest_memfd lookup_pfn_range via vfio_device_ops Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 67/88] vfio/pci: Implement lookup_pfn_range provider op for guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 68/88] vfio/pci: Use iov_iter for MMIO read and write Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 69/88] vfio: Dispatch guest_memfd read and write provider ops via vfio_device_ops Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 70/88] vfio/pci: Introduce vfio_pci_bar_rw_kbuf for kernel buffer MMIO access Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 71/88] vfio/pci: Implement read and write provider ops for guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 72/88] KVM: selftests: Add initial VFIO test verifying device info Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 73/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO region info for igb device Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 74/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO IRQ " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 75/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO MMIO read and write " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 76/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO MMIO mmap access " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 77/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO device reset " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 78/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO access directly and via guest_memfd Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 79/88] KVM: selftests: Verify BAR revocation and access gating in low power state Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 80/88] KVM: selftests: Verify host VMA flags for VFIO BAR Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 81/88] KVM: selftests: Verify guest mapping " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 82/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO dmabuf creation for igb device Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 83/88] KVM: selftests: Verify VFIO ioeventfd " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 84/88] KVM: selftests: Verify memory conversions for VFIO BARs Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:37 ` [PATCH RFC v3 85/88] KVM: selftests: Verify shared and private mmap access " Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:38 ` [PATCH RFC v3 86/88] KVM: selftests: Expect successful conversion on MSI-X BARs in VFIO test Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-07  0:38 ` [PATCH RFC v3 87/88] QUESTION: KVM: guest_memfd: Disallow private mappings of shared-only PFNs Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay
2026-11-08  0:44   ` sashiko-bot
2026-11-07  0:38 ` [PATCH RFC v3 88/88] KVM: selftests: Verify shared and private pread and pwrite for VFIO BARs Ackerley Tng via B4 Relay

Reply instructions:

You may reply publicly to this message via plain-text email
using any one of the following methods:

* Save the following mbox file, import it into your mail client,
  and reply-to-all from there: mbox

  Avoid top-posting and favor interleaved quoting:
  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Posting_style#Interleaved_style

* Reply using the --to, --cc, and --in-reply-to
  switches of git-send-email(1):

  git send-email \
    --in-reply-to=sashiko-outbox-203465@kernel.org \
    --to=sashiko-bot@kernel.org \
    --cc=John.Starks@microsoft.com \
    --cc=ackerleytng@google.com \
    --cc=aik@amd.com \
    --cc=aneesh.kumar@kernel.org \
    --cc=brauner@kernel.org \
    --cc=david@kernel.org \
    --cc=dwmw2@infradead.org \
    --cc=fgriffo@amazon.co.uk \
    --cc=fuad.tabba@linux.dev \
    --cc=jacob.pan@linux.microsoft.com \
    --cc=jxgao@google.com \
    --cc=kvm@vger.kernel.org \
    --cc=linux-mm@kvack.org \
    --cc=michael.roth@amd.com \
    --cc=pbonzini@redhat.com \
    --cc=sashiko-reviews@lists.linux.dev \
    --cc=seanjc@google.com \
    --cc=skhawaja@google.com \
    --cc=suzuki.poulose@arm.com \
    --cc=tarunsahu@google.com \
    --cc=vannapurve@google.com \
    --cc=yilun.xu@linux.intel.com \
    /path/to/YOUR_REPLY

  https://kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/git-send-email.html

* If your mail client supports setting the In-Reply-To header
  via mailto: links, try the mailto: link
Be sure your reply has a Subject: header at the top and a blank line before the message body.
This is a public inbox, see mirroring instructions
for how to clone and mirror all data and code used for this inbox