[PATCH v2 0/3] selftests/resctrl: Fix resctrl selftests issues on aarch64

[PATCH v2 0/3] selftests/resctrl: Fix resctrl selftests issues on aarch64

[Richard Cheng]

This series fixes numerous issues in the resctrl selftests on aarch64,
where they currently misreport failures.

Patch 1 adds aarch64 implementations of cl_flush() and sb() in
fill_buf.c so cache flushes are no longer silent no-ops.

Patch 2 teaches detect_vendor() about aarch64 (which exposes no
vendor_id in /proc/cpuinfo) and lets arch_supports_noncont_cat()
return true for ARM, fixing spurious L3_NONCONT_CAT failures.

Patch 3 skips L3_CAT at feature-check time when MPAM legitimately
reports every CBM bit as shareable, instead of failing the test.

Changes since v1:
    - Make the 3 patches into a series

Richard Cheng (3):
  selftests/resctrl: Skip L3_CAT when no exclusive cache portion exists
  selftests/resctrl: Implement cl_flush() and sb() for aarch64
  selftests/resctrl: Recognise aarch64 as a vendor for L3_NONCONT_CAT

 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c    | 32 +++++++++++++++++--
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/fill_buf.c    |  6 ++++
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h     |  1 +
 .../testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c | 11 +++++++
 4 files changed, 47 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

-- 
2.43.0

[PATCH v2 1/3] selftests/resctrl: Skip L3_CAT when no exclusive cache portion exists

[Richard Cheng]

L3_CAT measures cache isolation, which requires at least one cache bit
that is not shared with non-CPU agents, i.e. cbm_mask & ~shareable_bits
must be non-zero. On MPAM, shareable_bits == cbm_mask is a legitimate
state, so there are situations in which no bit can be reported as
exclusive.

Previously get_mask_no_shareable() was invoked inside cat_run_test()
and silently returned -1, which surfaced as a test failure on arm64
MPAM systems.

Implement cat_feature_check() to perform the same check at feature-check
time. It prints a diagnostic and returns false so the test case is
skipped instead of failing.

Tested-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Richard Cheng <icheng@nvidia.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++-
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
index f00b622c1460..dc414e55ae94 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
@@ -378,11 +378,32 @@ static bool noncont_cat_feature_check(const struct resctrl_test *test)
 	return resource_info_file_exists(test->resource, "sparse_masks");
 }
 
+static bool cat_feature_check(const struct resctrl_test *test)
+{
+	unsigned long mask;
+
+	if (!test_resource_feature_check(test))
+		return false;
+
+	/*
+	 * The CAT isolation measurement needs a cache portion that no
+	 * other agent shares. On MPAM the kernel may legitimately report
+	 * all bits as shareable; skip the test if that is the case.
+	 */
+	if (get_mask_no_shareable(test->resource, &mask)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("All %s bits are shareable; cannot measure CAT isolation\n",
+			       test->resource);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
 struct resctrl_test l3_cat_test = {
 	.name = "L3_CAT",
 	.group = "CAT",
 	.resource = "L3",
-	.feature_check = test_resource_feature_check,
+	.feature_check = cat_feature_check,
 	.run_test = cat_run_test,
 	.cleanup = cat_test_cleanup,
 };
-- 
2.43.0

[PATCH v2 2/3] selftests/resctrl: Implement cl_flush() and sb() for aarch64

[Richard Cheng]

cl_flush() and sb() in fill_buf.c only have implementations for i386
and x86_64, so on aarch64 both compile to empty functions. mem_flush()
then walks the buffer calling a no-op cl_flush() per cache line and
finishes with a no-op sb(), leaving any caller that expects a flushed
buffer (e.g. CMT, L3_CAT) operating on unflushed state with no warning.

Add an aarch64 code block using the ARM equivalents:
* "dc civac, %0" for cl_flush()
* "dsb sy"       for sb()

Both instructions are EL0-accessible on Linux aarch64.

Signed-off-by: Richard Cheng <icheng@nvidia.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/fill_buf.c | 6 ++++++
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/fill_buf.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/fill_buf.c
index 19a01a52dc1a..a41d21e5a64e 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/fill_buf.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/fill_buf.c
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ static void sb(void)
 #if defined(__i386) || defined(__x86_64)
 	asm volatile("sfence\n\t"
 		     : : : "memory");
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+	asm volatile("dsb sy\n\t"
+		     : : : "memory");
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -35,6 +38,9 @@ static void cl_flush(void *p)
 #if defined(__i386) || defined(__x86_64)
 	asm volatile("clflush (%0)\n\t"
 		     : : "r"(p) : "memory");
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+	asm volatile("dc civac, %0\n\t"
+		     : : "r"(p) : "memory");
 #endif
 }
 
-- 
2.43.0

[PATCH v2 3/3] selftests/resctrl: Recognise aarch64 as a vendor for L3_NONCONT_CAT

[Richard Cheng]

aarch64 has no vendor_id in /proc/cpuinfo, so detect_vendor() returns 0
and arch_supports_noncont_cat() falls through to "return false".
L3_NONCONT_CAT therefore spuriously fails on every ARM MPAM platform.

Define ARCH_ARM, short-circuit detect_vendor() to it on aarch64, and
add it to the AMD/Hygon always-supports early-out in
arch_supports_noncont_cat().

aarch64 has many implementers (ARM 0x41, NVIDIA 0x43, etc.), but MPAM
mandates non-contiguous CPBM uniformly, so per-implementer handling is
not needed here.

Signed-off-by: Richard Cheng <icheng@nvidia.com>
---
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c      |  9 +++++++--
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h       |  1 +
 tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c | 11 +++++++++++
 3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
index dc414e55ae94..ce66016dbd88 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
@@ -292,8 +292,13 @@ static bool arch_supports_noncont_cat(const struct resctrl_test *test)
 {
 	unsigned int vendor_id = get_vendor();
 
-	/* AMD and Hygon always support non-contiguous CBM. */
-	if (vendor_id == ARCH_AMD || vendor_id == ARCH_HYGON)
+	/*
+	 * AMD and Hygon always support non-contiguous CBM. ARM/MPAM defines
+	 * MPAMCFG_CPBM as a bitmap with no contiguity constraint per ARM
+	 * DDI 0598.
+	 */
+	if (vendor_id == ARCH_AMD || vendor_id == ARCH_HYGON ||
+	    vendor_id == ARCH_ARM)
 		return true;
 
 #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__) /* arch */
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h
index afe635b6e48d..670e5b128b4d 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
 #define ARCH_INTEL	BIT(0)
 #define ARCH_AMD	BIT(1)
 #define ARCH_HYGON	BIT(2)
+#define ARCH_ARM	BIT(3)
 
 #define END_OF_TESTS	1
 
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c
index dbcd5eea9fbc..b28dae83d0a4 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c
@@ -34,6 +34,17 @@ static unsigned int detect_vendor(void)
 	if (initialized)
 		return vendor_id;
 
+#if defined(__aarch64__)
+	/*
+	 * aarch64 has no userspace vendor_id in /proc/cpuinfo. MPAM-capable
+	 * ARM implementations follow ARM DDI 0598; treat all aarch64 builds
+	 * as a single vendor for the purposes of resctrl selftests.
+	 */
+	vendor_id = ARCH_ARM;
+	initialized = true;
+	return vendor_id;
+#endif
+
 	inf = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
 	if (!inf) {
 		vendor_id = 0;
-- 
2.43.0

Re: [PATCH v2 3/3] selftests/resctrl: Recognise aarch64 as a vendor for L3_NONCONT_CAT

[Ilpo Järvinen]

On Thu, 28 May 2026, Richard Cheng wrote:

> aarch64 has no vendor_id in /proc/cpuinfo, so detect_vendor() returns 0
> and arch_supports_noncont_cat() falls through to "return false".
> L3_NONCONT_CAT therefore spuriously fails on every ARM MPAM platform.
> 
> Define ARCH_ARM, short-circuit detect_vendor() to it on aarch64, and
> add it to the AMD/Hygon always-supports early-out in
> arch_supports_noncont_cat().
> 
> aarch64 has many implementers (ARM 0x41, NVIDIA 0x43, etc.), but MPAM
> mandates non-contiguous CPBM uniformly, so per-implementer handling is
> not needed here.
> 
> Signed-off-by: Richard Cheng <icheng@nvidia.com>
> ---
>  tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c      |  9 +++++++--
>  tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h       |  1 +
>  tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c | 11 +++++++++++
>  3 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
> index dc414e55ae94..ce66016dbd88 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
> @@ -292,8 +292,13 @@ static bool arch_supports_noncont_cat(const struct resctrl_test *test)
>  {
>  	unsigned int vendor_id = get_vendor();
>  
> -	/* AMD and Hygon always support non-contiguous CBM. */
> -	if (vendor_id == ARCH_AMD || vendor_id == ARCH_HYGON)
> +	/*
> +	 * AMD and Hygon always support non-contiguous CBM. ARM/MPAM defines
> +	 * MPAMCFG_CPBM as a bitmap with no contiguity constraint per ARM
> +	 * DDI 0598.
> +	 */
> +	if (vendor_id == ARCH_AMD || vendor_id == ARCH_HYGON ||
> +	    vendor_id == ARCH_ARM)
>  		return true;
>  
>  #if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__) /* arch */
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h
> index afe635b6e48d..670e5b128b4d 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl.h
> @@ -40,6 +40,7 @@
>  #define ARCH_INTEL	BIT(0)
>  #define ARCH_AMD	BIT(1)
>  #define ARCH_HYGON	BIT(2)
> +#define ARCH_ARM	BIT(3)
>  
>  #define END_OF_TESTS	1
>  
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c
> index dbcd5eea9fbc..b28dae83d0a4 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/resctrl_tests.c
> @@ -34,6 +34,17 @@ static unsigned int detect_vendor(void)
>  	if (initialized)
>  		return vendor_id;
>  
> +#if defined(__aarch64__)
> +	/*
> +	 * aarch64 has no userspace vendor_id in /proc/cpuinfo. MPAM-capable
> +	 * ARM implementations follow ARM DDI 0598; treat all aarch64 builds
> +	 * as a single vendor for the purposes of resctrl selftests.
> +	 */
> +	vendor_id = ARCH_ARM;
> +	initialized = true;
> +	return vendor_id;
> +#endif

It would be better to create a detect_aarch64() function and put 
the ifdeffery inside it so it returns either true or false here.

> +
>  	inf = fopen("/proc/cpuinfo", "r");
>  	if (!inf) {
>  		vendor_id = 0;
> 

-- 
 i.

Re: [PATCH v2 1/3] selftests/resctrl: Skip L3_CAT when no exclusive cache portion exists

[Ilpo Järvinen]

[-- Attachment #1: Type: text/plain, Size: 2422 bytes --]

On Thu, 28 May 2026, Richard Cheng wrote:

> L3_CAT measures cache isolation, which requires at least one cache bit
> that is not shared with non-CPU agents, i.e. cbm_mask & ~shareable_bits
> must be non-zero. On MPAM, shareable_bits == cbm_mask is a legitimate
> state, so there are situations in which no bit can be reported as
> exclusive.
> 
> Previously get_mask_no_shareable() was invoked inside cat_run_test()
> and silently returned -1, which surfaced as a test failure on arm64
> MPAM systems.
> 
> Implement cat_feature_check() to perform the same check at feature-check
> time. It prints a diagnostic and returns false so the test case is
> skipped instead of failing.
> 
> Tested-by: Chen Yu <yu.c.chen@intel.com>
> Signed-off-by: Richard Cheng <icheng@nvidia.com>
> ---
>  tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c | 23 +++++++++++++++++++++-
>  1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)
> 
> diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
> index f00b622c1460..dc414e55ae94 100644
> --- a/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
> +++ b/tools/testing/selftests/resctrl/cat_test.c
> @@ -378,11 +378,32 @@ static bool noncont_cat_feature_check(const struct resctrl_test *test)
>  	return resource_info_file_exists(test->resource, "sparse_masks");
>  }
>  
> +static bool cat_feature_check(const struct resctrl_test *test)
> +{
> +	unsigned long mask;
> +
> +	if (!test_resource_feature_check(test))
> +		return false;
> +
> +	/*
> +	 * The CAT isolation measurement needs a cache portion that no
> +	 * other agent shares. On MPAM the kernel may legitimately report
> +	 * all bits as shareable; skip the test if that is the case.
> +	 */
> +	if (get_mask_no_shareable(test->resource, &mask)) {
> +		ksft_print_msg("All %s bits are shareable; cannot measure CAT isolation\n",
> +			       test->resource);
> +		return false;
> +	}
> +
> +	return true;
> +}
> +
>  struct resctrl_test l3_cat_test = {
>  	.name = "L3_CAT",
>  	.group = "CAT",
>  	.resource = "L3",
> -	.feature_check = test_resource_feature_check,
> +	.feature_check = cat_feature_check,
>  	.run_test = cat_run_test,
>  	.cleanup = cat_test_cleanup,
>  };
> 

Reviewed-by: Ilpo Järvinen <ilpo.jarvinen@linux.intel.com>

Nit, the patch numbering and the numbering used in the coverletter did not 
match.

-- 
 i.