Re: [PATCH v2 01/20] arm64: percpu: Fix this_cpu_write() casting

[David Laight <david.laight.linux@gmail.com>]

On Tue,  4 Aug 2026 18:04:44 +0100
Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com> wrote:

> The arm64 implementation of this_cpu_write() casts 'val' to unsigned
> long. This is necessary to handle cases where 'val' is a pointer type,
> and to avoid spurious compiler warnings for the (unreachable!) cases
> where the pointer type would be cast to a smaller integer type.
> 
> Unfortunately, the cast is applied to 'val' rather than '(val)', which
> won't always generate the expected value when 'val' is an expression.
> 
> For example, for this_cpu_write(pcp, zero - 1), where 'pcp' is a u64 and
> 'zero' is a u32:
> 
> * 'zero'                      ===> (u32) 0x00000000
> * 'zero - 1'                  ===> (u32) 0xffffffff
> * '(unsigned long)zero - 1'   ===> (u64) 0xffffffffffffffff
> * '(unsigned long)(zero - 1)' ===> (u64) 0x00000000ffffffff
> 
> Fix this by adding brackets around 'val'
> 
> The bug described above can be seen from the disassembly of the
> following test code:
> 
> | void this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1(u64 __percpu *pcp)
> | {
> | 	u32 zero = 0;
> | 	this_cpu_write(*pcp, zero - 1);
> | }
> |
> | void this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1_brackets(u64 __percpu *pcp)
> | {
> | 	u32 zero = 0;
> | 	this_cpu_write(*pcp, (zero - 1));
> | }
> 
> Generated code before this patch:
> 
> | <this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1>:
> |        paciasp
> |        stp     x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
> |        mrs     x1, sp_el0
> |        mov     x29, sp
> |        ldr     w2, [x1, #8]
> |        add     w2, w2, #0x1
> |        str     w2, [x1, #8]
> |        mov     x3, #0xffffffffffffffff
> |        mrs     x2, tpidr_el1
> |        str     x3, [x0, x2]
> |        ldr     x0, [x1, #8]
> |        add     x0, x0, x3
> |        str     w0, [x1, #8]
> |        cbz     x0, 1f
> |        ldr     x0, [x1, #8]
> |        cbnz    x0, 2f
> | 1:     bl      preempt_schedule_notrace
> | 2:     ldp     x29, x30, [sp], #16
> |        autiasp
> |        ret
> |
> | <this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1_brackets>:
> |        paciasp
> |        stp     x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
> |        mrs     x1, sp_el0
> |        mov     x29, sp
> |        ldr     w2, [x1, #8]
> |        add     w2, w2, #0x1
> |        str     w2, [x1, #8]
> |        mov     x3, #0xffffffff
> |        mrs     x2, tpidr_el1
> |        str     x3, [x0, x2]
> |        ldr     x0, [x1, #8]
> |        sub     x0, x0, #0x1
> |        str     w0, [x1, #8]
> |        cbz     x0, 1f
> |        ldr     x0, [x1, #8]
> |        cbnz    x0, 2f
> | 1:     bl      preempt_schedule_notrace
> | 2:     ldp     x29, x30, [sp], #16
> |        autiasp
> |        ret
> 
> Generated code after this patch:
> 
> | <this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1>:
> |        paciasp
> |        stp     x29, x30, [sp, #-16]!
> |        mrs     x1, sp_el0
> |        mov     x29, sp
> |        ldr     w2, [x1, #8]
> |        add     w2, w2, #0x1
> |        str     w2, [x1, #8]
> |        mov     x3, #0xffffffff
> |        mrs     x2, tpidr_el1
> |        str     x3, [x0, x2]
> |        ldr     x0, [x1, #8]
> |        sub     x0, x0, #0x1
> |        str     w0, [x1, #8]
> |        cbz     x0, 1f
> |        ldr     x0, [x1, #8]
> |        cbnz    x0, 2f
> | 1:     bl      preempt_schedule_notrace
> | 2:     ldp     x29, x30, [sp], #16
> |        autiasp
> |        ret
> |
> | <this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1_brackets>:
> |        b       this_cpu_write_zero_minus_1
> 
> Fixes: 959bf2fd03b5 ("arm64: percpu: Rewrite per-cpu ops to allow use of LSE atomics")
> Reported-by: David Laight <david.laight.linux@gmail.com>
> Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
> Cc: Ada Couprie Diaz <ada.coupriediaz@arm.com>
> Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org>
> Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
> Cc: James Morse <james.morse@arm.com>
> Cc: Jinjie Ruan <ruanjinjie@huawei.com>
> Cc: Marc Zyngier <maz@kernel.org>
> Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
> Cc: Vladimir Murzin <vladimir.murzin@arm.com>
> Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
> Cc: Yang Shi <yang@os.amperecomputing.com>
> Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org

I suspect there is no affected code - largely testable by comparing the
output of two arm64 allmodconfig builds.

Reviewed-by: David Laight <david.laight.linux@gmail.com>

> ---
>  arch/arm64/include/asm/percpu.h | 8 ++++----
>  1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
> 
> diff --git a/arch/arm64/include/asm/percpu.h b/arch/arm64/include/asm/percpu.h
> index b57b2bb009677..63bbfd4944a37 100644
> --- a/arch/arm64/include/asm/percpu.h
> +++ b/arch/arm64/include/asm/percpu.h
> @@ -179,13 +179,13 @@ PERCPU_RET_OP(add, add, ldadd)
>  	_pcp_protect_return(__percpu_read_64, pcp)
>  
>  #define this_cpu_write_1(pcp, val)	\
> -	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_8, pcp, (unsigned long)val)
> +	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_8, pcp, (unsigned long)(val))
>  #define this_cpu_write_2(pcp, val)	\
> -	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_16, pcp, (unsigned long)val)
> +	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_16, pcp, (unsigned long)(val))
>  #define this_cpu_write_4(pcp, val)	\
> -	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_32, pcp, (unsigned long)val)
> +	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_32, pcp, (unsigned long)(val))
>  #define this_cpu_write_8(pcp, val)	\
> -	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_64, pcp, (unsigned long)val)
> +	_pcp_protect(__percpu_write_64, pcp, (unsigned long)(val))
>  
>  #define this_cpu_add_1(pcp, val)	\
>  	_pcp_protect(__percpu_add_case_8, pcp, val)